Di cyclohexyl phthalate

The eleven phthalates and the two non-phthalates studied plasticizers are listed in Table 1. Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP; ≥98%), dibutyl phthalate (DBP; ≥99%), di-cyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP; ≥99%), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP; ≥99.5%), di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT; ≥97%), diethyl phthalate (DEP; ≥99.5%), diethyl phthalate-3,4,5,6-d₄ (DEP-d₄, IS; ≥98%), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP; ≥99%), diisononyl phthalate (DINP; ≥99%), dimethyl phthalate (DMP; ≥99%), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP; ≥98%), diphenyl phthalate (DphP; ≥99%), dipropyl phthalate (DPP; ≥98%), and tri-octyl trimellitate (TOTM; ≥99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint-Quentin Fallavier, France). HPLC-grade solvents were used. Acetone, dichloromethane, and acetonitrile were purchased from VWR (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France). Ultra-pure water was supplied by a Milli-Q purification system from Millipore (St Quentin en Yvelines, France).

Insecticide analytical standards p,p`-DDT (1.1.1-Trichloro-2.2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) 98.2% purity, o,p’-DDT 99.2% purity and DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene) 99.5% were purchased from Chem Service (West Chester, UK). Potassium Hydroxide BioXtra, ≥85% KOH basis and Dicyclohexyl phthalate 99% purity were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (UK). HPLC grade solvents, heptane anhydrous 99% purity, 1-propanol anhydrous 99.7% purity, acetic acid 99.7% and HPLC grade water were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (UK). Low range Chloride Quantab Test Strips, 30–600 mg/L, were purchased from Hach (Hach Lange, Salford, UK).

The chemicals CuSO₄, MnSO₄, benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), acetosyringone (AS), syringaldehyde (SA), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), vanillin (VA), N-hydroxyphthalimide (HPI), (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxyl (TEMPO), and hexane, along with other solvents (analytical grade, 99.0% purity), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck/Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, USA). The chemical structures of the compounds used in this study are shown in Figure 1A and Supplementary Table S1. Laccases from three fungi (Aspergillus sp., Rhus vernicifera, and Trametes versicolor) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck/Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, USA).