Inhibitors were removed from methyl acrylate (MA, > 99.0%, Tokyo Chemical Industry), ethyl acrylate (EA, > 99%, Nakalai Tesque), 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyl acrylate (C10F21A, 97%, Apollo Scientific), 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate (C8F17A, > 97.0%, Tokyo Chemical Industry), 2-(perfluoro-9-methyldecyl)ethyl acrylate (C11F23A, 97%, Apollo Scientific), and 1,9-bis(acryloyloxy)nonane (> 92.0%, Tokyo Chemical Industry) using aluminum oxide (activated, Kanto Chemical) before use. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO, containing 25 wt% water, Nakalai Tesque) was purified via recrystallization using Drysol N (ethanol 88%, methanol 3%, 2-propanol 9%, Kanto Chemical). Toluene (> 99.5%, Kanto Chemical), n-hexane (> 96.0%, Kanto Chemical), tetrahydrofuran (THF, > 99.5%, Kanto Chemical), acetone (> 99.5%, Kanto Chemical), methanol (> 99.8%, Kanto Chemical), hydrochloric acid (35%, Nacalai Tesque), CDCl3 (99.8%, Nacalai Tesque), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 97%, Nakalai Tesque), and 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-4'-morpholinobutyrophenone (> 98.0%, Tokyo Chemical Industry) were used without further purification. A chemically crosslinked silicone elastomer block was obtained from Tigers Polymer Co.
Hydrochloric acid (hcl)
Manufactured by Nacalai Tesque
Sourced in Japan
Hydrochloric acid is a commonly used laboratory reagent. It is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid with a pungent odor. Hydrochloric acid is a strong inorganic acid that is primarily composed of hydrogen and chlorine.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Nacalai Tesque (5 mentions)
Acetone, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
2 propanol, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Potassium hydroxide, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Kh2po4, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Multiskan go, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
H2so4, by Nacalai Tesque (2 mentions)
Methyl acrylate, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
Benzoyl peroxide bpo, by Nacalai Tesque (1 mentions)
N hexane, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
2 propanol, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
Methanol, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
Toluene, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
Fuming nitric acid, by Nacalai Tesque (1 mentions)
4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Dojindo Laboratories (1 mentions)
5 bromo 2 deoxyuridine brdu, by Nacalai Tesque (1 mentions)
23 protocols using hydrochloric acid (hcl)
1
Purification and Polymerization of Acrylate Monomers
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide
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The high-density polyethylene (HDPE; HI-Zex, 2100J) used in this study was supplied by Mitsui Chemicals Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The polypropylene (PP; NOVATEC-PP, MA3) was a commercial product of Japan Polypropylene Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Pristine expanded graphite flakes (EC300), with an average size of 50 μm, were supplied by Ito Graphite Co., Ltd. (Mie, Japan). Concentrated sulfuric acid (95−98%), fuming nitric acid (85%), hydrochloric acid (37%), and potassium chlorate (98%) were provided by Nacalai Tesque. Inc. (Kyoto, Japan).
Graphene oxide was prepared from natural graphite by oxidation with KClO3 in concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 according to Staudenmaier’s method [19 (link),20 (link)]. Thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG) was prepared by thermal reduction and exfoliation of the graphite oxide at ~1050 °C for ~30 s in a muffle furnace FT-101 (FULL-TECH Furnace Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan). The detailed characterization of the obtained TRG was confirmed in our previous study [21 (link)].
Graphene oxide was prepared from natural graphite by oxidation with KClO3 in concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 according to Staudenmaier’s method [19 (link),20 (link)]. Thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRG) was prepared by thermal reduction and exfoliation of the graphite oxide at ~1050 °C for ~30 s in a muffle furnace FT-101 (FULL-TECH Furnace Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan). The detailed characterization of the obtained TRG was confirmed in our previous study [21 (link)].
3
Volatile Compounds Extraction and Analysis
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The volatile compounds, β-cyclocitral and β-ionone, were obtained from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Geosmin-d3 from Hayashi Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan) was used as the internal standard for the GC/MS analysis. tert-Butyl methyl ether (MTBE) and hydrochloric acid for the solvent extraction were obtained from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan).
4
Cell Proliferation Assessment by BrdU and DNA Quantification
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Cell proliferation was assessed using two different methods: the incorporation of 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU, Nacalai Tesque) into DNA and the measurement of DNA concentration.
Briefly, after the incorporation of BrdU into DNA, the cells were fixed and permeabilized. DNA was hydrolyzed using 2M of hydrochloric acid (Nacalai Tesque). After the nuclei were stained with DAPI (Dojindo), the cells were observed under a BZ-X800 integrated fluorescence microscope (Keyence). The percentage of BrdU-positive cells was determined by counting the total number of nuclei in 10 randomly captured images from each well.
MC3T3-E1 cells were plated, the medium was replaced, and the cells were cultured for 24, 72, or 120 h to assess proliferation. The number of viable cells at each time point was determined by measuring the DNA content of the respective samples using PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay Kit (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
Briefly, after the incorporation of BrdU into DNA, the cells were fixed and permeabilized. DNA was hydrolyzed using 2M of hydrochloric acid (Nacalai Tesque). After the nuclei were stained with DAPI (Dojindo), the cells were observed under a BZ-X800 integrated fluorescence microscope (Keyence). The percentage of BrdU-positive cells was determined by counting the total number of nuclei in 10 randomly captured images from each well.
MC3T3-E1 cells were plated, the medium was replaced, and the cells were cultured for 24, 72, or 120 h to assess proliferation. The number of viable cells at each time point was determined by measuring the DNA content of the respective samples using PicoGreen® dsDNA Assay Kit (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).
5
Synthesis of Iron-Based Complexes
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All the chemicals were commercial products and were used as supplied. Methanol, iron(III) nitrate–water (1/9), iron(III) chloride–water (1/6), 2,2′-bipyridine, acetonitrile, 2-propanol, 1,10-phenanthroline, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and hydrochloric acid were supplied by Nacalai Tesque Inc. Sodium hexafluoridophosphate and variamine blue B were supplied by FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation.
6
Sugarcane Bagasse Valorization for Biosorption
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Sugarcane bagasse was produced in Guangxi, China. Potassium hydroxide (KOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl; 35–37 wt%), ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2·4H2O), chitosan (CS), acetic acid (HAc), sodium acetate (NaAc), glutaraldehyde (GA; 25%, v/v), and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Cellulase (pale yellow powder) was bought from Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).
7
Synthesis and Characterization of βCD-modified Acrylamide Hydrogel
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Acrylamide (AAm), CDCl3, and D2O were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. βCD was obtained from Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd. Triethylamine (Et3N), sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS), N,N,N′,N′–tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), and N,N′–methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAAm) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc. Acryloyl chloride and vinyltrimethoxysilane were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. DMSO–d6 was obtained from Merck & Co., Inc. RPMI-1640 medium, fetal bovine serum, penicillin and streptomycin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. LifeAct-TagGFP2 and the Torpedo® lipofection reagent were purchased from ibidi GmbH. A highly porous synthetic resin (DIAION HP–20) used for column chromatography was purchased from Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd. Water used for the preparation of the aqueous solutions was purified with a Millipore Integral MT system. Other reagents were used without further purification.
8
Chemical Reagents in Experimental Protocol
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All the chemicals were commercial products and were used as supplied. Methanol, ethanol, copper(II) nitrate–water (1/3), copper(II) chloride–water (1/2), paraformaldehyde, p-cresol, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide–water (1/1), phosphorus pentoxide, 2-propanol, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and hydrochloric acid were supplied by Nacalai Tesque Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). Sarcosine and murexide were supplied by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).
9
PVA-SH Hydrogel Synthesis
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SH end group PVA (PVA-SH: 100% hydrolyzed, average Mw = 198,000) was obtained from Kuraray Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. Sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) was purchased from Tosoh Co., Tokyo, Japan. 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (V-50) and analytical grade glutaraldehyde (GA) (25 wt.% solution in water) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan. Sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and potassium chloride (all analytical grade) were purchased from Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan.
10
Compressive Loading of Cells by Centrifugation
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Compressive loading by centrifugation was previously described [29 ]. Briefly, cells were seeded at a density of 3 × 105 cells per well in 12‐well plates. Medium was changed into 4‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES)‐buffered DMEM without bicarbonate (12320‐032; Gibco‐BRL), supplemented with 18 µm of hydrochloric acid (Nacalai Tesque Inc., Kyoto, Japan) to stabilize pH and then cells placed in an incubator (Yamato Scientific Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at 37 °C for 1 h. The plates were subsequently centrifuged at 4.4 × 10−2 N·cm−2 (5.0 g·cm−2) or 8.8 × 10−2 N·cm−2 (9.0 g·cm−2) using a PlateSpin II centrifuge (Kubota Corp., Tokyo, Japan) in the incubator at 37 °C for 12 h. Compressive force by weights was also previously described [30 ]. Briefly, a thin glass plate was placed unto the cells and a force of 8.8 × 10−2 N·cm−2 was then applied for 12 h by placing a load unto the glass plate.
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