Architect ci4100

Fasting blood samples were obtained at baseline (day 1) and on the last day of the study (day 28). The samples were collected in three BD Vacutainer SST tubes, allowed to clot at room temperature for 30–45 min. Then, serum was separated using centrifugation at 3400 rpm for 10 min and stored at −80 °C. Serum was analyzed for three panels of metabolic (ALT, ALK, AST, free T3, free T4, GGT, total T3, total T4, TSH, T-uptake, and Vitamin D), lipid (cholesterol, ultra HDL), and inflammatory (CRP, IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM) markers using the Abbott (Chicago, IL, USA) Architect ci4100 following the manufacturer’s instructions (Supplementary Table S1).
Morning first void urine samples on day 1 and day 28 were collected for assessment of the hepatic detox profile (phase I D-glucaric acid, phase II mercapturic acids, and creatinine) and the urine porphyrin profile (uroporphyrins, heptacarboxylporphyrins, hexacarboxylporphyrins, pentacarboxylporphyrins, coproporphyrins 1-3, total porphyrins, including precoproporphyrins 1-3, total precoproporphyrins, and creatinine) using commercial testing services (Doctor’s Data, St. Charles, IL, USA).

D-dimer levels were assessed using the ELFA (Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay) technique on a VIDAS® instrument (BioMérieux, France). C-reactive protein and ferritin were collected in a 0.5 ml serum separator tube (BD Microtainer, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey) and analyzed using a clinical chemistry analyzer (Architect ci4100, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA).

The paper-based SPIL-GE device was used to determine blood glucose level by using human blood plasma (n = 10) and compared with enzymatic glucose assay (Hexokinase) using automated analyzer ARCHITECT ci4100 (Abbott, IL, USA). The concentration of ascorbic acid (0.1 mM), uric acid (0.1 mM), and hemoglobin (0.06 mM) in PBS were used to study the effects of the main interferences in human blood plasma.
To verify the electrochemical method for real sample analysis, the prepared paper-based PB/Ti₃C₂T_x/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE was used to measure blood glucose concentration. In this work, separated blood plasma was carefully collected from sodium fluoride (NaF) containing tube after drawing the whole blood sample from volunteers and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min. The human blood plasma was then determined to have glucose concentration in plasma using paper-based PB/Ti₃C₂T_x/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE that was connected to Sensit Smart. In the process of real sample assay, the sample matrix is one of the crucial factors that effects the obtained signal because it contains lots of interference, including ascorbic acid, and uric acid. To minimize the sample matrix effects, we diluted the plasma sample with PBS at a ratio of 1 to 3. Furthermore, the Nafion was utilized to trap the negatively charged interference species that may affect the real sample of plasma glucose measurements.