Mice 5 and 9 months of age were anesthetized with isoflurane and the pupils dilated with tropicamide and phenylephrine. High acquisition-speed Fd-OCT (132 nm @ 855 nm broadband light source [Superlum] and CMOS camera [Basler] operating at 100,000 A-scans/s) were used to obtain in vivo mouse retinal volumetric data sets as described in Zhang et al. (2015) (link). Images were acquired over 1.9 × 1.9 mm retinal area (51 deg FOV; see Zhang et al., 2016 (link)). OCT volumes were flattened using a strip-registration algorithm to align each A-scan in the data set. To measure the thickness of retinal layers, all A-scan intensity profiles were averaged from the flattened OCT volume, and evaluated using the choroid, INL, and GCL as landmarks. The distance from choroid to INL defined the outer retinal thickness and the distance from INL to GCL was defined as inner retinal thickness.
Cmos camera
Manufactured by Basler
Sourced in Germany
The CMOS camera is a type of digital image sensor that converts optical images into electrical signals. It functions as a core component in various imaging applications, capturing visual data through the use of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Model 2100, by A-M Systems (1 mentions)
Daq card, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Benzyl alcohol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rhodamine 101, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rhodamine b, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Real time pcr cycler, by Bio-Rad (1 mentions)
Inverted microscope, by Olympus (1 mentions)
Contact angle analyzer, by Krüss (1 mentions)
200 mm tube lens, by Thorlabs (1 mentions)
8 protocols using cmos camera
1
In Vivo Volumetric Retinal Imaging in Mice
2
In Vivo Volumetric Retinal Imaging in Mice
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Mice 5 and 9 months of age were anesthetized with isoflurane and the pupils dilated with tropicamide and phenylephrine. High acquisition-speed Fd-OCT (132 nm @ 855 nm broadband light source [Superlum] and CMOS camera [Basler] operating at 100,000 A-scans/s) were used to obtain in vivo mouse retinal volumetric data sets as described in Zhang et al. (2015) (link). Images were acquired over 1.9 × 1.9 mm retinal area (51 deg FOV; see Zhang et al., 2016 (link)). OCT volumes were flattened using a strip-registration algorithm to align each A-scan in the data set. To measure the thickness of retinal layers, all A-scan intensity profiles were averaged from the flattened OCT volume, and evaluated using the choroid, INL, and GCL as landmarks. The distance from choroid to INL defined the outer retinal thickness and the distance from INL to GCL was defined as inner retinal thickness.
3
Electric Stimulation of Embryo Midbrain
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For the stimulation experiment, electrodes (Phymep, wolfram/Tu paired electrodes, 500 µm interdistance, coated with an insulator all the way down to approximately 20 µm from the tip) are attached to a thin pole, itself attached to a precision translation stage (Newport, Supp. Mat. Fig. 5 b) The electrodes are oriented at 45° in order to be able to approach the head of the embryo below the objective (Supp. Mat. Fig. 5 a–d show the whole set up). For the electric stimulation, the hole in the heating stage is reopened (Fig. 5 c). The electrodes are descended in the hole (Supp. Mat. Fig. 5 d white arrow) with a precision labo-lift or z-stage. The electrodes are approached almost in contact of the head along the median axis, in the area of the midbrain (Fig. 4 A). The approach is monitored by video. A small electric pulse of amplitude 20–100 mV and duration generally 1 s is applied (with a pulse generator from AM systems Model 2100). Then the electrode is rapidly removed (< 3 s), and the hole is closed again. Most time-lapse videos are acquired with an acquisition rate of 1 frame/10 s. Closure of the hole in the heating stage is done manually, and it takes less than 10 s. The embryo is filmed with a CMOS camera from Basler (Phase gmbh), interfaced with ImageJ. Data is analyzed with custom macros (available by the author upon request).
4
Real-time Imaging Algorithm Computation
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The iNC [21 (link)] was outfitted on top of a CMOS camera (Basler). Daq card (National Instrument) was used to relay signals from the computer to the camera and to the iNC according to Figure S1 . Computation was conducted using MATLAB software (MathWorks) and images were collected in real-time using the IF algorithm. Computation was conducted in Python for time response analysis by incorporating a multithreading library to process multiple pairs of images at once. Python utilized Numpy and Pytorch, substituting the built-in MATLAB libraries.
5
Widefield Optical Imaging for Retinotopy
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Prior to all electrophysiological and imaging experiments, a reference vasculature image and field-sign map was acquired under a custom-built widefield epi-fluorescence microscope. The microscope consisted of two Nikon 50 mm f1.4 lens placed front to front with a dichroic, excitation, and emission filters (Semrock) in between. Light was delivered via a blue LED light source (Luxeon Star) and images were acquired with a CMOS camera (Basler). Images were acquired at 10 Hz and were triggered on every third frame of a 30 Hz retinotopic mapping stimulus (drifting bar; trial period of 0.1 Hz) to ensure proper timing between stimulus and acquisition. Retinotopic mapping stimulus consisted of a drifting 10° bar of binarized 1/f noise (Wekselblatt et al., 2016 (link)), which cycled with a period of 0.1 Hz. Elevation and azimuth maps were computed using a Fourier decomposition of the stimulus and plotting preferred phase at the stimulus frequency (Kalatsky and Stryker, 2003 (link)).
6
Infrared Laser Microscopy with Temperature Measurement
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An infrared laser (1435 nm, QPhotonics, MI) was introduced to an inverted microscope (Olympus, Japan) with a 100x objective lens (NA 1.4, Olympus) and XYZ manual stage. The images were captured with a CMOS camera (Basler, Germany). We used benzyl alcohol (Sigma-Aldrich, MO) as the immersion oil to improve trapping ability33 (link). For the temperature measurement, the fluorescence intensities of 50 mg/L Rhodamine B and 30 mg/L Rhodamine 101 (Sigma-Aldrich, MO) were measured by a CMOS camera and the intensity ratio of these two dyes (Fig. S5 ) are compared with the calibration curve (Fig. S4 ) obtained by a realtime PCR cycler (BioRad, CA)25 .
7
Measuring Surface Wettability of Films
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The contact angle of the films was measured using a contact angle analyzer (Krüss, Hamburg, Germany) and the sessile drop method [33 ]; continuous shooting using dual focus was performed using a CMOS camera (30 fps/s, Basler, Ahrensburg, Germany), and the light source was controlled by an LED cold light source (6000–6500 K) under room temperature. Distilled water (1 μL) was dropped onto the surface of the films, which was measured in five different areas of each surface, and the average values were taken. Lastly, images of the droplets were taken by a camera.
8
Visualizing Haloalkane Droplet Flows
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Visualization of the vertical flows around the haloalkane droplets was conducted using a custom-built transmission microscope comprised of a white LED for illumination, a microscope objective (10x, Nikon), and a 200 mm tube lens (Thorlabs) coupled to a CMOS camera (Basler). The light and objective lens were oriented parallel to the sample substrate to enable visualization of the droplet profile as it sits on the substrate. To prepare the continuous phase, 1 drop of tracer particles (1 µm, Polysciences Inc.) was added to 10 mL of desired surfactant solution to make a tracer stock. 400 µL of this tracer particle/surfactant solution was added to a thin (~3 mm width) glass cuvette. Droplets of haloalkane (see above for emulsion preparation) were first dispersed into a dish and a single droplet was extracted via pipette and placed into the cuvette. After adding the single oil droplet to the tracer particle/surfactant solution in the cuvette, the droplet was moved to one side of the cuvette for better image contrast and allowed to sit for 5 minutes to reduce the influence of external flow in the container.
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