Dfp 2000a

A digital fluoroscopy system with a digital subtraction function (DFP-2000A, Toshiba, Japan) was used for conducting PTCD. Further, a VITEK-2 compact microorganism-analysis system (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France), a BACTEC-9050 automatic hemoculture machine (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ), and a CO 2 gas incubator (Sanyo, Japan) were used for bile culture, blood culture, and susceptibility testing. VITEK identification cards (bioMerieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France), including a VITEK-2 GN card for the identification of Gram-negative bacteria and a VITEK-2 GP card for Gram-positive bacteria, were used. The susceptibility cards included AST-GN08 (22007) and AST-GN09 (22008) for Gram-negative bacteria and AST-P534 (22066) and ASTP535 (22067) for Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, a Vitek2YST card was used for the identification of fungi and the AST-YS01 (22108) susceptibility card for fungi.

PTBD was performed with a Logic-5 ultrasound machine (General Electric, Wauke-sha, WI) and a digital fluoroscopy system with a digital subtraction function (DFP-2000A, Toshiba, Japan). Furthermore, bile culture and susceptibility testing were performed with a CO 2 gas incubator (Sanyo, Japan), VITEK-2 compact microorganism-analysis system (bioMe´rieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) and a BACTEC-9050 automatic hemoculture machine (Becton-Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ). In addition, VITEK identification cards (bioMe ´rieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) were applied, including a VITEK-2 GN card for the identification of Gramnegative bacteria and a VITEK-2 GP card for Gram-positive bacteria. The applied susceptibility cards included AST-GN08 (22007) and AST-GN09 (22008) for Gram-negative bacteria and AST-P534 (22066) and AST-P535 (22067) for Gram-positive bacteria, respectively.