Omethoate

All acaricides were technical grade and were obtained from the following sources: fenothiocarb (99.8%, Sigma Aldrich, Saint Louis, Mo) monocrotophos (99.5%, Chem Service, West Chester, PA), omethoate (97.0%, Sigma Aldrich), endosulfan (99.4%, Sigma Aldrich), bifenthrin (99.0%, Sigma Aldrich), fenpropathrin (99.5%, Chem Service, West Chester, PA), Abamectin (97.6%, Sigma Aldrich), etoxazole (98.5%, Sigma Aldrich), fenbutatin oxide (97.7%, Sigma Aldrich), chlorfenapyr (99.6%, Sigma Aldrich), flufenoxuron (98.4%, Sigma Aldrich), amitraz (96.8%, Sigma Aldrich), pyridaben (99.7%, Sigma Aldrich), tebufenpyrad (99.8%, Sigma Aldrich), spiromesifen (99.8%, Sigma Aldrich), (EZ)-cyenopyrafen (97.3%, Sigma Aldrich), cyflumetofen (96.0%, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Japan), bifenazate (99.9%, Sigma Aldrich) and dicofol (97.2%, Sigma Aldrich).

Glyphosate was purchased from Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH, 45521, Buchs, Switzerland. Dilution series of up to 0.3 mM were prepared in local tap water (Lyngby Taarbæk municipality, Denmark) with no further treatment or purification. Water characterization can be seen in the Supplementary Material, Table S1. Tap water was also considered as the background in all measurements. Omethoate was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, 36181. Aminomethylphosphonic acid (APMA) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, 324817. A concentration of 0.3 mM was prepared using local tap water with no further treatment or purification. All electrochemical measurements were taken with a potentiostat (PalmSens 3, PalmSens, Houten, The Netherlands). Commercial, screen-printed electrodes based on gold working and counter electrodes and a silver reference electrode were used to conduct the measurements (DRP 220AT, Dropsens, Asturias, Spain). The pH measurements were carried out using a pH meter (EUTECH Instruments pH700, Singapore). The conductivity of the water was measured using a conductivity meter (Meter Lab CDM210, Radiometer Copenhagen, Lyon, France).

Omethoate, K₂PtCl₄, HAuCl₄, Pluronic F127, EDC, NHS and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, USA). Dimethoate, dichlorvos, methyl parathion, glyphosate, malathion, profenofos, acetamiprid, trichlorfon were obtained from Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Anti-Omethoate monoclonal antibody was purchased from Kejie Industrial Development Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China). The Spotxel®Reader was obtained from the App Store (Sicasys Software GmbH, Germany).