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27 protocols using digital sight ds l1

1

EV-Mediated Wound Healing Assay

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BCPAP cells were seeded into 12-well plates at a density of 1 × 105 cells per well. After cells reached 100% confluency, the adherent cell layer was wounded by scraping two crossing perpendicular lines with a sterile 200 µL tip. After a wash with PBS to eliminate detached cells, fresh RPMI supplemented with 2% FBS was added to control cells while RPMI supplemented with 2% FBS and enriched with EVs isolated from CAL-62 was added to the remaining wells in order to evaluate the migration rate. Wounds were observed and photographed under a Zeiss IM35 microscope (Zeiss) and a digital camera (Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1) at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after the scratch was made. The wound closure was the mean gap in µm of five randomly chosen fields and was measured using Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 at 10× magnification.
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2

Geometric Morphometrics of Aedes albopictus

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Of the 111 specimens molecularly analysed, male and female mosquitoes with at least one suitable wing for morphometric analyses (Spain: 58 specimens, France: 11; Brazil: 34), were selected for phenotyping (Table 1). Wing geometric morphometrics was carried out to determine differences between Ae. albopictus populations. Both, the left and right wing of each specimen were dissected and mounted using STARMount® medium (Corinto Polymer Valencia, Spain) on standard microscope slides. All wings were photographed with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 (Nikon Corporation) camera linked to a Nikon ECLIPSE E800 microscope. A total of 103 wing pictures of the seven populations of Ae. albopictus was analysed for landmark and outline-based techniques. Left wings were used unless damaged, in which case right wings were used instead. For Ae. albopictus phenotyping, populations were divided in males and females. Furthermore, in order to improve the sample size, populations were analysed according to the following grouping criteria: Brazil (Goiania, Jurujuba and Manaus), continental Spain (Barcelona and Valencia), insular Spain (Mallorca, Balearic Archipelago), and France (Perpignan).
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3

Adipocyte Morphometry in White and Brown Fat Tissues

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PFA-fixed gWAT, anterior subcutaneous (also known as axillary) WAT (aWAT), and BAT were embedded in paraffin. After manually sectioned with a microtome, 8-µm-thick WAT and 5-µm-thick BAT sections were mounted on glass slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
Representative images from three random sections of gWAT and aWAT from each animal were taken with a digital imaging system (Nikon Eclipse E400 and Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1, Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). To quantify adipocyte size, we used an automated mode of Adiposoft, a plug-in of Fiji (advanced distribution of ImageJ) software for accurately analyzing number and size of adipocytes (17 (link)).
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4

Histological Evaluation of Liver Tissue

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Tissue preparation for histological studies was carried out as described in a previous study [29 (link),35] (link). Sections of the liver tissues were stained using Hematoxylin & Eosin (H and E) [36] (link). The photomicrographs were taken using a light microscope (Olympus BH2) mounted with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 (Nikon Corporation, Japan). The histological slides were qualitatively interpreted by a blinded independent pathologist since this was a globally accepted histopathological approach to reduce bias.
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5

Immunofluorescence Staining of Embryos

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Each stage of embryos without zona pellucida was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min at 4°C. Fixed samples were permeabilized using 1% Triton X-100 for 5 min at room temperature and washed three times with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The embryos were blocked using 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS for 1 h at room temperature, and primary antibodies targeting SCD1 (ab39969, rabbit-igG; Abcam) were added overnight at 4°C. The primary antibody was diluted 1:200 in PBS containing 1% BSA. Embryos were washed three times with PBS containing 0.1% Tween-20 before incubation with the fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies antirabbit-IgG (green, 1:500, A11008; Invitrogen) and anti-rabbit-IgG (red, 1:500, A11012; Invitrogen), which were diluted in a blocking solution, for 2 h at room temperature. The samples were washed three times with PBS containing 0.1% Tween-20, and nuclei were stained using 0.1% Hoechst 33342 (Molecular Probes) for 10 min. After washing three times with PBS, samples were mounted on a slide glass. Stained samples were visualized under a microscope (Eclipse TE2000-U; Nikon), and captured images were processed using a Nikon digital sight DS-L1.
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6

Microscopic Identification of Historical Woods

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Micro-samples were collected from parts of woods not covered by paints or that were exposed due to fractures or removal of the paints for restoration works.
Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of wood section features were performed for the identification of the woods. For interpretation of images, we referred to analytical keys texts [33, 34] . Terminology according to Schweingruber [34] was adopted for descriptions of characters useful for wood determination.
For light microscopy, transverse and/or longitudinal (tangential and radial) handmade sections of sampled woods were observed with a Zeiss Axiolab microscope (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and photographed with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). For SEM observations, wood samples were coated with gold to about 30 nm. The samples were observed under a FEI Quantas 200 (FEI Company, Hillsboro, USA) environmental scanning electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 25 kV. SEM observations were carried out at the Laboratory of Measures in Electron and Confocal Microscopy of the Centre of Advanced Metrological Services of the University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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7

Transwell Migration and Invasion Assay

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For migration assays, 1 × 105 cells in 200 µL of serum-free media were seeded in the upper chamber of an insert (8 µm pore size, Corning, USA). For invasion assays, 1 × 105 cells in 200 µL of serum-free media were seeded in the upper chamber of an insert coated with Matrigel (BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA). Then, 600 µL of medium containing 20% FBS was added to the lower chamber. After incubation for 72 h, the cells attached onto the upper side of the transwell were mechanically removed with a cotton stick. Next, the cells on the bottom surface of the membrane were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min and then stained with 0.4% crystal violet solution for 10 min [37 (link)]. Images of the migrated and invaded cells were captured with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 camera.
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8

Lipid Staining in Aortic Root

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The aortic root sections from 12 weeks of WD-fed ApoE−/− and ApoE−/−:TRIM13−/− mice were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution, washed with PBS, rinsed with 60% isopropanol, and stained with Oil Red O for 15 min followed by counterstaining with haematoxylin. The sections were observed under a Nikon Eclipse 50i microscope with X4/0.1 NA, and the images were captured with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 camera.
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9

Microscopic Analysis of Geosmithia-Ophiostoma Interactions

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The mycelial interactions between several Geosmithia spp. and strains with different O. ulmi and O. novo-ulmi strains were studied by white light microscopic observations.
Microscope slides (three per each Ophiostoma/Geosmithia combination) covered by a water-agar film (2% w/v) were inoculated with two mycelial plugs (6 mm in diameter) obtained from the edges of actively growing fungal cultures, placed about 1 cm apart from each other. Microscope slides were observed after 2-day incubation (20 °C in the dark) with a Zeiss Axioscop 50 optical microscope equipped with a Nikon digital camera. Images were processed with the Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 software.
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10

Aortic Root Lipid Staining

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After fixing with 4% (v/v) paraformaldehyde, the aortic root sections were stained with Oil Red O and counter stained with hematoxylin. The sections were observed under Nikon Eclipse 50i microscope with 4X/0.10 or 10X/0.25 magnification and the images were captured with a Nikon Digital Sight DS-L1 camera.
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