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20 protocols using n methylpyrrolidone

1

Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials

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CMC-NH4, with a degree of substitution of 0.9, was purchased from Beijing North Century Cellulose Technology Research&Development Co., Ltd. Ethanol (EtOH), sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4·2H2O), l-cysteine, potassium hydroxide (KOH) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) were analytic grade and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Beijing Co., Ltd. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was provided by Sigma-Aldrich, Co., Ltd. Acetylene black and nickel foam were obtained from Changsha Liyuan New Material Co., Ltd.
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2

Synthesis of Graphene-Activated Carbon Composite for Energy Storage

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The activated carbon (AC) powder (Kuraray YF-50) was received from Kuraray international trade CO., LTD. (Shanghai, China). The graphene powder (GRF-H-FLGA-01, lateral size 5–10 μm, thickness ~2 nm) was brought from SZgraphene nanotechnology Company (Suzhou, China). The Potassium hydroxide (KOH, GR, ≥85 wt %) and N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP, AR, ≥99.0 wt %) were brought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company (Shanghai, China). The nickel foam (NiF, HGP, 110 ppi, 500 g/m2) was obtained from HGP technology CO., LTD (Wuzhou, China). The aqueous membrane (NKK-MPF 30AC-100), Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF, Solvay TA-6020/1001) and carbon black (CB, Ketjenblack EC300J, Lion CO., Tokyo, Japan) were purchased on Taobao (https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.16.73d46067nVvMYK&id=530857358840&ns=1&abbucket=3#detail).
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3

Peptide Synthesis Using Solid-Phase Methodology

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Wang resin was purchased from Lanxiao Technology (Xi'an, China). Fmoc-protected amino acids and 1-Hydroxy-1H-benzotriazole were purchased from Jill Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Trimethylsilane and dimercaptoethane (EDT) were obtained from Sahn Chemical Technology (Shanghai, China). N, N-diisopropyl ethylamine was purchased from Kangmanlin Chemical Industry (Nanjing, China). Thioanisole, dithioglycol, trifluorocarboxylic acid and formic acid for mass spectrometry were purchased from Acladin Biochemical Technology (Shanghai, China). Piperidine, N, N-dimethylformamide were obtained from Haibang Trading (Nanjing, China). Dichloromethane, N-methylpyrrolidone, phenol, and bromophenol blue, and coomassie brilliant blue G-250 were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Acetonitrile and methanol (HPLC grade) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Unless indicated, all other reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, Missouri, USA). Peptides were synthesized using manual solid-phase peptide synthesis under the protection of nitrogen, and the mass of obtained peptides and target conjugates were confirmed by Waters ACQUITY UPLC Systems (Waters, Milford, Massachusetts, USA).
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4

Synthesis of Chitosan Derivatives

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Chitosan with a molecular weight of 5–8 kDa and degree of deacetylation of 73.5% was supplied by Golden-Shell Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Zhejiang, China). Iodomethane, 2-aminopyridine, 3-aminopyridine, and 4-aminopyridine were purchased from the Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Corp. Methyl chloroformate, methanol, triethylamine, N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and lithium chloride were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Ionic Liquids

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N-Methylpyrrolidone, sodium
chloride, and lithium chloride were all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical
Reagent Co., Ltd. The water content of the salts was checked by Karl
Fisher titration. NMP was used without further purification. Salts
were desiccated under a vacuum for at least 24 h. The deionized water
(conductivity, <1.0 μs·cm–1) was made
in our laboratory by the ultrapure water machine (Nanjing Miaozhiyi
Electronic Technology Co., Ltd). Ethanol, acetone, and ether were
all purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., and used
without further purification. Helium was provided by Nanjing Tianze
Gas Co., Ltd. All reagents are of analytical grade except helium (industrial
grade). Specifications of the chemicals are listed in Table 1.
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6

Synthesis of Polymeric Nanocomposites

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1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTCDA), ethylene diamine (EDA), N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), ZnSO4·7H2O, NaCl, zinc powder, 1% phenolphthalein solution, and TA were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. 4T1 cells were provided by American Type Culture Collection (USA). RPMI 1640 medium was provided by Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA.
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7

Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Battery Fabrication

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Potassium permanganate (KMnO4), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), anhydrous ethanol, acetylene black, polyvinylidene fluoride, N-methyl-pyrrolidone, metallic lithium, ethylene carbonate, and dimethyl carbonate were of analytical grade and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Regent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) The water used in the experiments was prepared from a Milli-Q water purification system (≥18 MΩ).
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8

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles in Phosphate Buffer

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The chemicals
used are the following: some are Nafion-117 and paraquat (98%) (Sigma-Aldrich,
USA); others are boric acid (BA), melamine, cyclohexane, formaldehyde, N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and ethchloroauric acid tetrahydrate
(HAuCl4·4H2O) (Sinopharm group, China).
Phosphate butter (PB, 0.1 M) with pH values from 4.5 to 9.5 was prepared
with Na2HPO4 and NaH2PO4. The other chemicals used were of analytical grade.
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9

Synthesis and Characterization of DABBT and H3BTB

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DABBT was synthesized and purified using a slightly modified procedure reported in the literature [47 (link),48 (link)]. The 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of DABBT are shown the Supplementary Materials (Figures S1 and S2). 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ): 7.59 (s, 2H, Ar-H), 7.26 (s, 4H, –NH2). 13C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ): 110.02, 129.62, 148.12, 165.28. H3BTB was synthesized using a two-step reaction as described in our previous work [40 (link)]. The 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of H3BTB are shown in the Supplementary Materials (Figures S3 and S4). 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ): 8.03 (m, 15H, Ar-H), 12.99 (s, 3H, –COOH); 13C-NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ): 167.57, 144.25, 141.16, 130.47, 130.33, 127.83, 125.98. N-Methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), triphenyl phosphite (TPP), and pyridine (Py) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) without further purification. Quinine sulfate was purchased from Adamas Reagent, Ltd (Shanghai, China) and used as received.
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of PES Membranes

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PES was purchased from Solvay S.A. (USA). Chemicals including N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (AR, > 98%), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), n-butyl alcohol (AR, > 99.7%), and PEBA were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Fumed silica was supplied from Wacker Chemie AG (Germany).
A mixture of liquefied petroleum gas and nitrogen was used as simulated gas. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) was purchased from Zhoushan LPG Company.
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