Salinomycin

Manufactured by MedChemExpress

Sourced in United States

Salinomycin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic used as a laboratory reagent. It functions as a potassium ionophore, facilitating the transport of potassium ions across cell membranes.

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6 protocols using salinomycin

Preparation of Antimicrobial Compound Solutions

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Chemical compounds were purchased as follows: valinomycin, salinomycin, nigericin, and niclosamide were purchased from MedChemExpress (South Brunswick, NJ, USA). All compounds except for nigericin were prepared as a 10 mM stock solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively. nigericin was dissolved in ethanol to prepare a 10 mM stock solution. All compounds were stored at −20 °C.

Tanaka Y., Tanabe E., Nonaka Y., Uemura M., Tajima T, & Ochiai K. (2022). Ionophore Antibiotics Inhibit Type II Feline Coronavirus Proliferation In Vitro. Viruses, 14(8), 1734.

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Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibition Assay

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Bleomycin was purchased from Nippon Kayaku (Tokyo, Japan). Clodronate and control liposome were purchased from clodronateliposomes.org (Vrije University, Netherlands). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for Wnt7a was purchased from Cusabio (no. CSB-EL026141MO, Wuhan, China). Salinomycin (a specific Wnt/FZD/LRP5 complex inhibitor) was purchased from Medchemexpress (no. HY-15597, Monmouth Junction, NJ). Antibodies used in this study were listed in Additional file 1: Table S1.

Hou J., Shi J., Chen L., Lv Z., Chen X., Cao H., Xiang Z, & Han X. (2018). M2 macrophages promote myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and are associated with pulmonary fibrogenesis. Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS, 16, 89.

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Comprehensive Chemical Compound Library

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Emetine (HY–B1479A, 99.81%, LCMS), salinomycin (HY-15597, >98%, NMR), tilorone (HY–B1080, 99.9%, LCMS), chloroquine (HY-17589, 99.9%, LCMS), homoharringtonine (HY-14944, 99.2%, LCMS), gemcitabine (HY–B0003, 99.9%, LCMS), vismodegib (HY-10440, 99.9%, LCMS), conivaptan (HY-18347A, 99.9%, LCMS), and atovaquone (HY-13832, 99.8%, LCMS) were purchased from MedChem Express (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); niclosamide (S3030, 99.8%, HPLC) and nitazoxanide (S1627, 99.3%, HPLC) were from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA); antimycin A (A8674, 97.64%, HPLC), anisomycin (A9789, >98%, HPLC) oligomycin (O4876, >90%, HPLC), valinomycin (V0627, ≧90%, HPLC) and crystal violet (C0775, Dye content ≥90%) were from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); GS-441524 (AG167808, >98%, HPLC) were from Carbosynth (San Diego, CA, USA). All chemicals were used as supplied.

Yang C.W., Peng T.T., Hsu H.Y., Lee Y.Z., Wu S.H., Lin W.H., Ke Y.Y., Hsu T.A., Yeh T.K., Huang W.Z., Lin J.H., Sytwu H.K., Chen C.T, & Lee S.J. (2020). Repurposing old drugs as antiviral agents for coronaviruses. Biomedical Journal, 43(4), 368-374.

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Compound Treatment on BCLs

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BCLs were continuously treated for 72 h in adherent conditions with bortezomib (stock concentration SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), carfilzomib (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), chloroquine (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), Cortistatin A (SC = [100 μM], a kind gift from Prof. P. Baran, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA), docetaxel (SC = [10 mM], GSK343 (SC = [1 mM], Active Biochemicals Co), I‐CBP112 (SC = [10 mM], Sigma), JQ1 (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), mifepristone (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), Ro5‐3335 (SC = [10 mM], Calbiochem), ruxolitinib (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), SGC‐CBP30 (SC = [10 mM], Selleckchem), salinomycin (SC = [200 μM], Selleckchem), spliceostatin A (SC = [10 mM], Adooq Biosciences), tazemetostat (SC = [5 mM], Selleckchem), and 8‐AZA (SC = [100 mM], Chembiotech). All these compounds were resuspended in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Sigma), except for chloroquine resuspended in H₂O. For the in vivo experiments, salinomycin (SC = [6 mg/ml], Medchemexpress) and JQ1 (SC = [100 mg/ml], Medchemexpress) were resuspended in a solution of DMSO/(2‐Hydroxypropyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPCD) 10% (1:9, v/v).

Arfaoui A., Rioualen C., Azzoni V., Pinna G., Finetti P., Wicinski J., Josselin E., Macario M., Castellano R., Léonard‐Stumpf C., Bal A., Gros A., Lossy S., Kharrat M., Collette Y., Bertucci F., Birnbaum D., Douik H., Bidaut G., Charafe‐Jauffret E, & Ginestier C. (2019). A genome‐wide RNAi screen reveals essential therapeutic targets of breast cancer stem cells. EMBO Molecular Medicine, 11(10), e9930.

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Simvastatin and Salinomycin Combination for Oxidative Stress

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The cells were cultured as described above, and then treated with 1 µM simvastatin (Dalian Meilun Biology Technology Co., Ltd.) and/or 10 µM salinomycin (MedChemExpress) for 24 h. Next, the cells were treated with H₂O₂ (500 µM) for another 24 h to induce oxidative stress. Therefore, the following four treatment groups were created: Control (H₂O₂); Sim (simvastatin+H₂O₂); Sal (salinomycin+H₂O₂); and Sim+Sal (simvastatin+salinomycin+H₂O₂). Supernatants and cells were collected for further analysis. Each treatment group consisted of six replicate wells, and each experiment was performed in triplicate. All cells were cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere.

He Z., Du X., Wu Y., Hua L., Wan L, & Yan N. (2019). Simvastatin promotes endothelial dysfunction by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway under oxidative stress. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44(4), 1289-1298.

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Salinomycin Inhibits Uveal Melanoma Cell Proliferation

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Salinomycin (Fig. 1a) was from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China), Annexin V-FITC, propidium iodide (PI) were from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Salinomycin was dissolved in DMSO at 20 mmol/L and stored at − 20 °C.
Fig. 1

Salinomycin counteracts the proliferation of uveal melanoma cells. a Chemical structure of Salinomycin. b Uveal melanoma (UM) cells and ARPE-19 cells were treated with a gradient concentrations of Salinomycin for 72 h, and the cell viability was measured by MTS assay. Data represent mean ± SD. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA, post hoc comparisons, Tukey’s test. c After UM cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of Salinomycin for 24 h, viable cells were seeded into drug-free agarose-containing culture for 14 days. Clonogenicity was expressed by normalizing to control in colony count. Data represent mean ± SD. ***, P < 0.001, one-way ANOVA, post hoc comparisons, Tukey’s test

Zhou J., Liu S., Wang Y., Dai W., Zou H., Wang S., Zhang J, & Pan J. (2019). Salinomycin effectively eliminates cancer stem-like cells and obviates hepatic metastasis in uveal melanoma. Molecular Cancer, 18, 159.

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