Bms 453

The human breast carcinoma cell lines T47D and MCF7 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA). T47D and MCF7 cells were routinely grown in RPMI 1640 supplemented with l-glutamine (2 mM) and 10% foetal bovine serum. All-trans-RA was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Retinoic acid stock solution was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 10⁻² M and maintained at −20°C, protected from light and in an inert atmosphere. The synthetic agonist retinoids, selective for RARα (BMS753), RARβ (BMS453) and RARγ (BMS961), and synthetic antagonist retinoids selective for RARα (BMS195614; Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK) were kindly provided by Dr. Hinrich Gronemeyer (IGBMC, Illkirch, France). Agonist and antagonist retinoids were diluted in ethanol and added to the culture medium to give a final concentration of 10⁻⁶ M. In control cultures, the DMSO or ethanol vehicle was added at the same final dilution. All experiments with retinoids were performed in reduced room light.