Standardization: all cell lines were plated into 60 × 15 dishes (BD Falcon, Oxford, UK) to have about 1×106 cells after 48 h of plating. After 24 h from the plating, the culture medium was replaced by serum-free medium, and after 24 h, media were collected and cells were counted.
Assessment: CRC cell culture media were analyzed in triplicate as per the manufacturer’s instructions using human IL-8 (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA) and VEGF (R&DSystems, MN, USA) specific ELISA. Absorbance was read at 450 nm. IL-8 and VEGF expression was represented as pg/mL and then related to the control. HCT116 Parental and HCT116 PTEN−/− culture media were analyzed by Human Angiogenesis Antibody Array (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s protocol.