Plants of Brassica nigra were grown from the seeds provided by the Department of Entomology, University of Wageningen, The Netherlands. This standardized seed-lot corresponds to a wild-grown Dutch B. nigra population that has been used in multiple studies on plant-insect interactions (Bruinsma, 2008 ; Khaling, 2015 (link); Pashalidou, 2015 ). The seeds were sown in 0.5 L plastic pots filled with a mixture of commercial garden soil with slow-release nutrients (Biolan Oy, Finland) and quartz sand. The day length was 12 h and light intensity at plant level of 400 μmol m-2 s-1 was provided by metal halide lamps (HPI-T Plus 400 W, Philips, Eindhowen, The Netherlands). Day/night temperatures were maintained at 24/20°C and relative humidity of 60%. The plants were watered every other day to soil field capacity. Five to six weeks old non-bolted plants with at least three fully-developed leaves were used in the experiments. Temperature response curves were measured and two different heat stress treatments were conducted in three to eight replications with different plants (new plants were used for individual temperatures within heat stress treatments).
Hpi t plus 400 w
Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in Belgium, Finland, Netherlands
The HPI-T Plus 400 W is a laboratory equipment product from Philips. It is a high-performance, industrial-grade power supply that delivers 400 watts of power output.
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Lab products found in correlation
7 protocols using hpi t plus 400 w
1
Standardized Growth Protocol for Brassica nigra
2
Tobacco Growth Conditions Protocol
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Tobacco (N. tabacum ‘Wisconsin’) seeds were sown in 1-litre plastic pots filled with commercial potting soil (Biolan Oy, Kekkilä group, Finland). Four weeks after germination, seedlings were transplanted into 3-litre plastic pots filled with the same potting soil. The plants were maintained for the whole experimental period under a light intensity of 400–500 µmol m−2 s−1 provided by metal halide lamps (HPI-T Plus 400 W, Philips) with a 12 h photoperiod, relative humidity of 60% and day/night temperature of 24/18 °C. Plants were watered daily to soil field capacity. In addition to the nutrients provided by the soil, a liquid fertilizer (Baltic Agro, Lithuania; NPK content ratio: 5:5:6; and micronutrients B (0.01%), Cu (0.03%), Fe (0.06%), Mn (0.028%), and Zn (0.007%) was applied for optimum growth conditions. Once a week, 70 ml of diluted liquid fertilizer (ca 0.5 % solution) was applied to each plant until the end of the study.
3
Cultivating Cucumber Plants for Research
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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Libelle F1, Seston Seemned OÜ, Estonia) seeds were sown in 1 L plastic pots filled with a mixture (1:1) of sand and commercial potting soil (Biolan Oy, Finland) and cultivated according to standard practices in a controlled-conditions plant growth room as in our previous studies [39 (link),40 (link)]. In short, light intensity of 300–400 μmol m−2 s−1 at the level of plants was provided for 12 h light period by Philips HPI/T Plus 400 W metal halide lamps. Air temperature was 24 °C at day and 20 °C at night and air humidity was maintained at 60–70%. The plants were watered daily to soil field capacity, and fertilized every three days with commercial NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) fertilizer. Approximately 3–4-week-old, 20–30 cm tall plants with four to five fully expanded leaves were used in the experiments.
4
Cultivation of West African Vegetables
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Seeds of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, Amaranthus cruentus L., Amaranthus hybridus L., Solanum aethiopicum L., and Telfairia occidentalis Hook. f. were obtained from a private farm in Nigeria (9.1538 N, 7.3220 E, 445 m.a.s.l.) and sown in 3-litre plastic pots containing a 1:1:1 mixture of commercial potting soil with added balanced fertilizers (N:P:K = 10:8:16; Biolan Oy, Eura, Finland), quartz sand (AS Silikaat, Tallinn, Estonia), and vermiculite (Schetelig Group, Vantaa, Finland). The pH of the soil water was 6.5. Three seedlings per species were grown in an environment-controlled plant growth room. The light period was 12 h and the light intensity at plant level was 400–500 μmol m−2 s−1 (HPI-T Plus 400 W, Philips, Brussels, Belgium), day and night temperatures were 28/25 °C, and relative air humidity was 60–70%. The plants grew for 3 months before the start of the measurements. At the start of the experiments, the plants had a similar biomass, mature stem thickness, and number of mature leaves among replicate plants.
5
Tobacco Cultivation Protocol for Research
6
Growth of Alder Seedlings in Controlled Conditions
7
Isolation and Identification of Fungal Endophyte
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The CTAB protocol was used to isolate genomic DNA of the isolated fungus (Leslie and Summerell 2006) . An approximately 900 bp DNA fragment of the 28S ribosomal gene was amplified via PCR by using LROR (5′-ACCC GCTGAACTTAAGC-3′) and LR5 (5′-TCCT GAGGGAAACTTCG-3′) primers as described by Vilgalys and Hester (1990) . For the purification of the PCR product, the NucleoSpin Gel and PCR Clean-up Kit (Macherey-Nagel, Germany) was used according to manufacturer's instruction. To identify the fungal species, the PCR product was sequenced using primers LROR, LR5, LR3R (5′-GTCTTGAAACACGGACC-3′) and LR3 (5′-CCGTGTTTCAAGACGGG-3′) (all primers adapted from Vilgalys and Hester (1990) ). The resulting partial sequence of the 28S ribosomal RNA was blasted against the nucleotide collection database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, http://blast.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/blast.cgi) and stored in GenBank with the Sequence ID: KF647896. The fungal strain isolated from M. giganteus leaves was identified as Apinisia graminicola.
Plant material for leaf inoculation assays B. distachyon (inbred line Bd21 (Huo et al. 2006 (link))) was grown in a growth chamber at 22 °C and a 16 h photoperiod (HPI-T PLUS 400 W and SON-T PIA AGRO 400 W, Philips, Netherlands). M. giganteus was grown in a greenhouse with an additional light supply to provide 16 h light if required.
Plant material for leaf inoculation assays B. distachyon (inbred line Bd21 (Huo et al. 2006 (link))) was grown in a growth chamber at 22 °C and a 16 h photoperiod (HPI-T PLUS 400 W and SON-T PIA AGRO 400 W, Philips, Netherlands). M. giganteus was grown in a greenhouse with an additional light supply to provide 16 h light if required.
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