Ir prestige 21 spectrometer

The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of in-mold and PSGG and digests were recorded with an IRPrestige-21 spectrometer (Shimadzu 21 Corporation Pte. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Approximately 50 µL of the solution was placed on the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) glass and 128 scans were performed in the absorption mode with a 4.0 cm⁻¹ resolution at wavelengths from 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹. The amide I region (1600–1700 cm⁻¹) was smoothed with a twelve-point Savitsky–Golay function, and the normalized second derivative spectra were obtained with the IRsolution version 1.10 software (Creon Lab Control AG, Shimadzu Corporation Pte. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Gaussian curve-fitting was performed on the different second derivative IR spectra with the Origin version 9.0 PRO software (OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA). The content of each of the structures was calculated from the area under the relative peaks of the assigned bands.

FTIR spectra of chitosan samples were recorded in an IRPrestige-21 spectrometer (Shimadzu Corporation Pte. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) according to Opazo-Navarrete et al. [18 (link)]. For each measurement, a total of 128 scans were collected at 4 cm⁻¹ resolutions from 4000 to 400 cm⁻¹, measurements were taken at room temperature using approximately 2 mg of each sample. The samples were placed on the surface of the ATR crystal and pressed with a flat-tip plunger until spectra with suitable peaks were obtained. The measurements were repeated three times and averaged to reduce baseline effects. Between measurements, the ATR was purged with water until no chitosan signal was detectable, and then the spectra were manipulated. The spectra were smoothed with a 9-point Savitsky–Golay function and normalized second-derivative spectra were obtained with the IR-solution software version 1.10 (Creon Lab Control AG, Shimadzu Corporation Pte. Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Finally, spectra were cut and analyzed.

Diclofenac, carrageenan, and solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Mueller-Hinton Broth was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Massachusetts, USA). silica gel (60 N, spherical, neutral, 40-50 μm) was obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Plethysmometer was purchased from Panlab, Havard Apparatus. Infrared spectra were recorded on an IR Prestige-21 spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). NMR spectra were recorded using a Bruker Avance 500 spectrometer (Bruker, MA, USA), with TMS as an internal reference. HRESIMS data were measured on an Agilent 6530 Accurate-Mass spectrometer (Agilent, CA, USA). Analytical TLC was performed on precoated silica gel 60F₂₅₄ and RP-18 F₂₅₄ plates (0.25 or 0.50 mm thickness, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Spots were detected under UV radiation (254 nm and 365 nm) and by spraying the plates with 10% sulfuric acid followed by heating with a heat gun.
D. benenica Q.B.Nguyen & Škorničk was collected in January 2020 at Quang Nam province and identified by Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry. A voucher specimen (DB1) was deposited in the Faculty of Chemistry at the Hue University of Education.

In the aqueous solution, Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs’ concentrations were confirmed by using a SHIMADZU UV SPECTROPHOTOMETER (UV-1800). The purified Ag, Au, Ag/Au BNPs, and HH plants extract were examined for the presence of different phytochemicals by using a Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) Shimadzu (IR Prestige-21) spectrometer (Japan). The crystalline nature of the Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs was determined by using the JDX-3532 (JEOL JAPAN) X-ray diffractometer (XRD) with λ-1.54 A° wavelength. The size and shape of Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs were determined by using JEOL Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Model JSM-5910 (Japan). The presence of elements in synthesized Ag, Au, and Ag/Au BNPs was determined by using electron diffraction X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

The transmission spectra of MA-Kefiran were acquired on an IR Prestige-21 spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), using 32 scans, with a wavenumber range between 4000 and 600 cm⁻¹ and a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹.

The secondary structure of the SF in the Ty–GG/SF hydrogels was recorded by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (IRPrestige 21, Shimadzu, Japan). Measurements were made with attenuated total reflection (ATR) over a Germanium crystal. Transmission spectra were acquired on an IR Prestige-21 spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan), using 32 scans, a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹ and a wavenumber range between 4400 and 400 cm⁻¹. The SF absorbance spectra were calculated using Equation (1).

To quantify secondary structure composition, Origin Pro 2018 Software was used. The deconvolution of the amine I region (1750–1600 cm⁻¹) was performed using a Gaussian Peak shape and the bands were identified by the area integral (Area IntgP) analysis with the points of interest. Baseline treatment was performed on the deconvolution spectrum. A maximum entropy Gaussian curve fitting algorithm was executed on the deconvolution spectrum using the peak positions identified in the Area IntgP, maximum peak and variable peak height. Peak positions were attained using wavenumber ranges described by Litvinov et al. [26 (link)]. The structural composition was measured by relative areas of the fit curve in the amine I region.