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6 protocols using hcpepic

1

Culturing Human Keratinocyte and Choroid Plexus Cells

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HaCaT cells, a human keratinocyte epithelial cell line (America Type Culture Collection) were cultured under standard conditions as reported15 (link). The primary human choroid plexus epithelial cells (HCPEpiCs) (ScienCell Research Laboratories) were cultured in EpicM epithelial cell medium added with 1% epithelial cell growth supplement (ScienCell Research Laboratories) and 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS). HCPEpiCs cells were used within three cell-culture passages to exclude de-differentiation to mesenchymal cells.
Chemical reagents were from Sigma, if not specified. Human plasma purified Cp was from Enzo Life Sciences. The antibodies used were: anti-ceruloplasmin (ab8813, Abcam); the antibodies used for the signaling analysis (FAK #3285, p-Tyr397FAK #3283, ERK1/2 #9102, p-Thr202/Tyr204ERK1/2 #9101, GSK3β #9315, p-Ser9GSK3β #9336, AKT #4691, p-Ser473AKT #193H12) were from Cell Signaling Technology, while anti-β-tubulin antibody (T6199) was from Sigma-Aldrich.
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2

Primary Epithelial Cell Culturing

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HCPEpiCs were obtained from ScienCell Research Laboratories and cultured in epithelial cell medium according to the distributor's recommendations. HCPEpiCs at passages 3–5 were used for the experiments. HEK293 cells were purchased from Humanitas Clinical and Research Center (Rozzano, Milan, Italy) and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.
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3

Primary Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell Culture

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Human primary choroid plexus epithelial cells (HCPEpiC, ScienCell, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were cultured in epithelial cell medium containing 2% fetal bovine serum, 1% epithelial cell growth supplement, 100 units/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (all ScienCell, Carlsbad, CA, USA). When cells reached approximately 90% confluence pooled CSF from 4 preterm infants with IVH, metHb and heme (prepared immediately prior to the experiment, as described above) were added to the HCPEpiC cultures, and cells were incubated for 1 to 24 hours as indicated in the figure legends. After incubation, cells were harvested using either Qiazol™ lysis reagent (for RNA extraction, QIAGEN, Germantown, MD, USA) or cell extraction buffer (for protein extraction, Invitrogen, Camarillo, CA, USA). Total RNA and protein was extracted from cells to evaluate mRNA expression and protein content, as described below.
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4

Culturing Primary Choroid Plexus Cells

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Human primary choroid plexus epithelial cells (HCPEpiC, ScienCell™ Research Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were cultured in Epithelial Cell Medium (ScienCell) containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS, ScienCell), 1% Epithelial Cell Growth Supplement (ScienCell), and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin solution (ScienCell) at 37 °C and 5% CO2. For culturing these cells, the manufacturer’s protocol was followed. Cell density was set to 6000 cells per cm2 and poly-L-lysine (ScienCell) -coated (2 µg/cm2) BioLite cell culture flasks (Thermo Scientific, Rochester, NY, USA) were used.
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5

Primary Human Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell Culture

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Primary human choroid plexus epithelial cells (HCPEpiC, ScienCell Research Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were cultured in a special Epithelial Cell Medium (ScienCell) containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS, ScienCell), 1% Epithelial Cell Growth Supplement (ScienCell), and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin solution (ScienCell) in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere (95%) at 37 °C. For culturing these cells, we followed the manufacturer’s protocol. Cell density was set to 5000 cells per cm2 and poly-L-lysine (ScienCell) coated (2 µg/cm2) BioLite cell culture flasks (Thermo Scientific, Rochester, NY, USA) were used. HCPEpiC cells (2 × 105/well) at passages 4–6 were subcultured into BioLite 6-well plates (Thermo Scientific) and then treated with ex vivo IVH-III, IVH-IV, or non-IVH control CSF samples (10 v/v %) for 24 h. After treatment, cells were washed with Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) solution (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA), then lysed in 1 mL TRI Reagent (Molecular Research Center, Cincinatti, OH, USA) and stored at −20 °C before RNA isolation.
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6

Isolation and Profiling of CNS Cell Types

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Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of two HD were obtained from Ficoll gradient-treated lymphocytapheresis samples. Monocytes, B-cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells, and myeloid dendritic cells were Fluorescence-activated cell sorted (FACS). Each purified cell subtype was cultured (1×106 cells/ml) in serum-free X-VIVO 15 medium (Lonza, Walkersville, MD) with or without 10 μg/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and 1μM Ionomycin. Supernatants were collected after 48 hours and frozen until use.
Isolated primary human CNS cells or cell lines: human neurons (ScienCell, Carlsbad, CA), human astrocytes (ScienCell), human brain endothelial cell line (HCMEC/D3; provided by Pierre-Olivier Couraud, PhD, INSERM, France (13 (link))), human microglia cell line (CHME5; provided by Nazira El-Hage, PhD, Florida International University, USA), and human choroid plexus epithelial cells (hCPEpiC; ScienCell) were plated (105 cells/ml; 10 ml/flask). Cells were treated with PBMC culture media (control) and an inflammatory mediators (supernatant from lipopolysaccharide- and CD3/CD28 beads-stimulated human PBMCs; 50% v/v). Oligodendrocytes were differentiated from the NIH approved human embryonic stem cell line RUES1 using published protocol (14 (link)). Cell-culture supernatants were collected after 24-hour incubation and frozen until use.
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