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6 protocols using anti β actin sc 81178

1

Regulation of IFN Signaling by USP1

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ML323 was from Selleck Chemicals. CHX was purchased from Apexbio Company. LPS (Escherichia coli, 055:B5) and poly(I:C) were from Sigma-Aldrich. ISD was purchased from Invivogen. IFN-β was from Sino Biological Inc. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli were used as follows: 100 ng/ml LPS, 10 µg/ml poly(I:C), 10 µg/ml ISD, and 20 ng/ml IFN-β. Anti-USP1 (8033), anti-TBK1 (3054), anti-IRF3 (4302), anti–p-IRF3(Ser396; 4947), and anti–p-STAT1 (9167) were from Cell Signaling Technology. Anti-UAF1 (ab122473) and anti-V5 (ab9116) were from Abcam. Anti-Flag (F1804), anti-HA (H3663), anti-Myc (M4439), and anti–VSV-G (V4888) were from Sigma. Anti-USP12 (12608–1-AP) and anti-USP46 (13502–1-AP) were from Proteintech. Anti–Lamin A/B (BS1446) was from Bioworld Technology. Anti–β-actin (sc-81178) and protein G agarose (sc-2002) used for immunoprecipitation and horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. SeV was purchased from the China Center for Type Culture Collection, and the multiplicity of infection used was 1.
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2

Antibody Procurement for Protein Analysis

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The anti-β-actin (sc81178) and the anti-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)2 antibodies (sc-365,949) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas). The anti-CD31 antibody (DIA310) was purchased from Dianova (Hamburg, Germany). The anti-somatostatin (Ab30788), anti-insulin (Ab181547) and anti-glucagon (Ab92587) antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The anti-heme oxygenase (HO)-1 antibody (ADISPA895F) was purchased from ENZO (New York, USA). The peroxidase-labeled anti-rabbit antibody (NIF 824) and the peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse antibody (NIF 825) were purchased from GE Healthcare (Freiburg, Germany). The anti-SOD1 (TA321133) and anti-SOD2 (TA321189) antibodies were purchased from OriGene (Rockville, USA).
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3

Fibroblast Cultivation and Autophagy Modulation

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Primary human dermal neonatal fibroblast (HDFn) and foreskin adult fibroblast (NuFF) cells were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA), and cultured in DMEM medium (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA) and 1X Antibiotic-Antimycotic (100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, Fungizone® 0.25 μg/mL, Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA) at 37 °C in a humidified incubator with 5% CO2. Mito-TEMPO was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA). Erastin, 3-MA, chloroquine, deferipron, and NAC were from Sigma-aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The following antibodies were purchased by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA): anti-APG5 (sc-33210), anti-BECN1 (sc-11427), anti-LC3B (L7543), and anti-β-actin (sc-81178).
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4

Immunohistochemistry and Western Blotting Protocol

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WB and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed as described in the previous studies (Huai et al., 2016 (link); Yang et al., 2021 (link)). Anti-Vimentin 5741 was from Cell Signaling Technology. Anti–CILP (ab192881) was from Abcam. Anti–CILP (HPA003195) was from Atlas. Anti-Flag (F1804) was from Sigma. Anti–β-actin (sc-81178) and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology.
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5

Investigating Innate Immune Signaling Pathways

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Anti-IFI16 (SAB1408587), anti-DAI (PRS4401), and anti-cGAS (SAB3500110) antibodies were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MS, USA). Anti-phospho-IRF3 (number 4947) and anti-ISG15 (number 2743) antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti-β-actin (sc-81178), anti-IRF3 (sc-9082), and anti-Mx1 (sc-50509) antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-TLR3 (ab137722), anti-TLR7 (ab45371), anti-TLR8 (ab24185), anti-TLR9 (ab12121), anti-MDA5 (ab69983), anti-RIG-I (ab45428), anti-OAS1 (ab86343), and anti-Pol III (ab22236) antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Poly(I:C)/Lyovec™ (tlrl-piclv), HSV60/Lyovec (tlrl-hsv60c), and BX795 (tlrl-bx7) were purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA, USA). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting RIG-I (sc-61480), TLR3 (sc036685), and IFI16 (sc-166504) and control siRNA (sc-37007) targeting a scrambled sequence were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology.
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6

MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model

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1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sterile acupuncture needles (0.16 × 7 mm) were obtained from Beijing Zhongyan Taihe Medical Equipment Corporation (Beijing, China). SEMZ-II electronic acupuncture device was purchased from Suzhou Medical Supplies Factory Ltd (Suzhou, China). The open field test device was obtained from Wuhan Yihong Technology Corporation (Wuhan, China). FashHS SYBR QPCR mixture and AMeasy 1st Strand cDNA synthesis kit were purchased from Summer Bio (Beijing, China). Primary antibodies were obtained from the following companies: anti-NLRP3 (#15101, 1) from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA); anti-ASC (ES1715) from Elk Biotechnology (Wuhan, China); anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase (A0028), anti-Caspase-1 (A0964), anti-BDNF (A18129), and anti-α-synuclein (A13354) from Abclonal Corporation (Wuhan, China); anti-β-actin (sc-81178) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Other chemicals and reagents were of analytical purity grade.
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