T2 upright microscope

Manufactured by Olympus

The Olympus T2 upright microscope is a versatile laboratory instrument designed for a range of imaging applications. It features a sturdy, ergonomic design and provides high-quality optical performance for various magnification levels. The T2 microscope is equipped with essential features to support routine microscopy tasks in research and educational settings.

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Lab products found in correlation

M450lp1, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) Dc2200 high power 1 channel led driver, by Thorlabs (2 mentions) M780lp1, by Thorlabs (1 mentions)

4 protocols using t2 upright microscope

Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology Protocols

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Electrophysiology
measurements were
performed with an EPC 800 patch-clamp amplifier (HEKA Elektronik).
The biointerfaces were cleaned with 70% (by volume) ethanol solution
and incubated for 2 days in water. The pulled patch pipettes of 8–12
MΩ were used to perform the whole-cell patch-clamp experiment.
The extracellular medium (aCSF) was prepared as mentioned previously.
The internal cellular medium was prepared by mixing 140 mM KCl, 2
mM MgCl₂, 10 mM HEPE, 10 mM ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl
ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), and 2 mM Mg-ATP in water
and its pH was calibrated to 7.2–7.3 using 1 M KOH, and patch
pipettes were filled with the intracellular solution. A digital camera
integrated with an Olympus T2 upright microscope was used to monitor
the cells. The whole-cell patched cells were investigated up to 30
min to avoid damage done by patched pipettes.

Melikov R., Srivastava S.B., Karatum O., Dogru-Yuksel I.B., Bahmani Jalali H., Sadeghi S., Dikbas U.M., Ulgut B., Kavakli I.H., Cetin A.E, & Nizamoglu S. (2020). Plasmon-Coupled Photocapacitor Neuromodulators. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12(32), 35940-35949.

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Whole-Cell Patch Clamp Technique

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Experiments were performed by EPC 800 patch clamp amplifier (HEKA Electronic GmbH, Pfalz, Germany). QDAS integrated and control devices were cleaned with 70 vol.% ethanol solution and incubated for 3 days in DI water. The pulled patch pipettes of 4–6 mΩ were utilized to carry out the whole‐cell patch clamp experiment. The internal cellular medium was prepared by mixing 140 mm KCl, 2 mm MgCl₂, 10 mm HEPES, 10 mm ethylene glycol‐bis (β‐aminoethyl ether)‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid (EGTA), 2 mm Mg‐ATP in water, and the pH was calibrated to 7.2–7.3 using 1 m KOH. The intracellular solution was filled into the patch pipettes to achieve whole‐cell patch. A digital camera integrated Olympus T2 upright microscope was used to patch and monitor the cells. The blue LED (M450LP1, Thorlabs Inc, NJ, USA) was used as the light source. The LED system was driven by DC2200 – High‐Power 1‐ Channel LED Driver (Thorlabs Inc., NJ, USA).

Balamur R., Eren G.O., Kaleli H.N., Karatum O., Kaya L., Hasanreisoglu M, & Nizamoglu S. (2024). A Retina‐Inspired Optoelectronic Synapse Using Quantum Dots for Neuromorphic Photostimulation of Neurons. Advanced Science, 11(18), 2401753.

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Voltage-Clamp and Current-Clamp Recordings of Hippocampal Neurons

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An EPC 800 Heka Elektronik
patch-clamp amplifier was used for recording electrical activity
of hippocampal neurons that were cultured on biointerfaces. The current-clamp
recordings for transmembrane voltage and voltage-clamp recordings
for transmembrane current measurements were performed in whole-cell
configuration. No wire was connected to the biointerfaces. aCSF was
used as the extracellular medium. The patch-pipette resistance of
5–8 MΩ was used for the recordings. Patch pipettes were
filled with the intracellular medium as described above. For blocking
the voltage-gated sodium channels, 5 mM QX-314 chloride was added
into the intracellular medium. For the statistical analysis of action
potentials, the current clamp data was downsampled without causing
changes in the properties of action potentials to conduct the analysis
with a feasible computational complexity. A digital camera integrated
with the Olympus T2 upright microscope was used for monitoring the
neurons and the movement of the patch pipette. Biointerfaces were
illuminated from the bottom using M780LP1 Thorlabs LED driven by Thorlabs
DC2200 LED driver.

Karatum O., Kaleli H.N., Eren G.O., Sahin A, & Nizamoglu S. (2022). Electrical Stimulation of Neurons with Quantum Dots via Near-Infrared Light. ACS Nano, 16(5), 8233-8243.

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Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology

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Experiments were performed by EPC 800 patch clamp amplifier (HEKA Electronic GmbH, Pfalz, Germany). QDAS integrated and control devices were cleaned with 70 vol% ethanol solution and incubated for 3 days in DI water. The pulled patch pipettes of 4–6 MΩ were utilized to carry out the whole‐cell patch clamp experiment. The internal cellular medium was prepared by mixing 140 mm KCl, 2 mm MgCl₂, 10 mm HEPES, 10 mm ethylene glycol‐bis (β‐aminoethyl ether)‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid, and 2 mm Mg‐ATP in water, and the pH was calibrated to 7.2–7.3 using 1 m KOH. The intracellular solution was filled into the patch pipettes to achieve whole‐cell patch. A digital camera integrated Olympus T2 upright microscope was used to patch and monitor the cells. The blue LED (M450LP1, Thorlabs Inc, NJ, USA) was used as the light source. LED system was driven by DC2200—High‐Power 1‐Channel LED Driver (Thorlabs Inc., NJ, USA).

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