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19 protocols using cav 1

1

Western Blot Analysis of Caveolins

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Samples were prepared using radioimmunoprecipitation assay buffer containing a protease inhibitor cocktail as previously described32 (link). Equal quantities of protein were analysed by immunoblotting using one of the following antibodies: CAV-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA) and GAPDH (Cell Signaling). Signals were detected using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and ECLTM Prime Western Blotting Detection Reagent (GE Healthcare).
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2

Western Blot Protein Quantification

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Protein extraction and Western blotting were performed as previously described (31 (link)). Primary antibodies were diluted to 1:100 for CAV1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), 1:500 for COL1A2 (Novus Biologicals), 1:200 for THBS2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and 1:5000 for beta actin (Sigma Aldrich). Anti-mouse (beta actin), anti-goat (THBS2), and anti-rabbit (CAV1, COL1A2) secondary antibodies were used at a concentration of 1:300 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Proteins were visualized by xerography on XOMAT™ AR film using an enhanced chemiluminescence system. Xerograms were digitized with an Epson flat-bed scanner and ImageJ software was used to quantify expression. A Student’s T-test was used to compare protein expression between treatment groups.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Extracellular Matrix Proteins

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After treatment, the cells were washed three times with pre-cooled PBS, and the total protein of cell lysates was extracted with RIPA buffer (Santa Cruz Biotech.). The specific protein was detected by Western blot analysis as previously described[13 (link)]. In brief, the cell lysates or S3 pellet in media were boiled and then electrophoresed in 12% SDS-PAGE acrylamide gels. They were then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Bio-Rad) and incubated for 1 h in TBS-T containing 5% nonfat milk. The membranes were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against fibronectin (Santa Cruz Biotech.), laminin β-1 (Santa Cruz Biotech.), Cav-1 (Santa Cruz Biotech.), and ERK phosphorylation (Cell Signaling). The membranes were washed three times in TBS-T and incubated for 1 h at room temperature with corresponding HRP-conjugated anti-rabbit or anti-mouse antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotech.). The membranes were developed with the SuperSignal West Pico HRP substrate kit (Pierce) and photographed on a Kodak 4000 image station (Carestream Molecular Imaging). To control sample loading and protein transfer, we stripped and reprobed the membranes with β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotech.) or total ERK (Cell Signaling) antibody.
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4

Telmisartan Modulates Cardiac Signaling

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Unfixed frozen hearts from WT mice treated with telmisartan for two weeks were homogenized in lysis buffer and centrifuged16 (link). Following protein quantification, samples were resolved using SDS-PAGE and transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane. The membrane was cut just below 100kDs and the top and bottom sections were blocked and probed overnight with primary antibodies for eNOS (1:1000, Cell Signaling, Cat# 32027) on the top membrane, and T-AKT (1:1000, Cell Signaling, Cat# 2920), p-AKT (1:1000, Cell Signaling, Cat# 4060), Cav-1 (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Cat# sc-894) and GAPDH (1:4000, Cell Signaling, Cat# 2118) on the bottom membrane, followed by incubation with goat anti-rabbit AlexaFluor700 (1:5000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat# A-21038) and goat anti-mouse AlexaFluor800 (1:5000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat# A-32730) secondary antibodies before imaging with a Li-COR scanner. The Li-COR software was used to designated the area of interest to be scanned for the bottom membrane.
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5

Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Protocol

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Human OCCC cell lines, including RMG-1, KOC7C, OVTOKO, TOV21G, and ES2 and A2780 type II human EOC cells, were kindly provided by Dr. Fumitaka Kikkawa (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan). ES2 cells were maintained in McCoy’s 5A medium; all other cell lines were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium, supplemented with 20% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 50 U/mL penicillin, and 50 mg/mL streptomycin (all from Welgene, Daegu, Korea) in a 5% CO2 humidified incubator at 37 °C. The trypan blue (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) dye exclusion assay was performed to count the cell numbers using a hemocytometer. Cisplatin (CDDP) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) powder was obtained from Duchefa Biochemie (BH Haarlem, Netherlands). Crystal violet was purchased from Biosesang Inc. (Seongnam, Korea). Primary antibodies against β-actin, Cav-1, EGFR, PAPR-1, p53, caspase-3, and AhR were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Rabbit anti-ACE2 antibody was obtained from Abclonal, Inc. (Woburn, MA, USA).
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6

Cisplatin-induced Protein Expression in OCCC Cells

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OCCC cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of cisplatin for 24 h and were harvested for analysis. Briefly, cells were washed three times with ice-cold phosphate buffer and then lysed with lysis buffer (1% (w/v) SDS, 1.0 mM sodium ortho-vanadate, and 10 mM Tris (pH 7.4)). The protein was separated by electrophoresis and transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Pall Corporation, New York City, NY, USA). After blocking, the membrane was incubated with primary antibodies including Cav-1, EGF, p65, p-p65, and actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) overnight at 4 °C. After three times washing with TBST, the membrane was incubated with a secondary antibody and detected using pico-enhanced peroxidase (ELPIS Biotech, Daejeon, Korea).
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7

Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescence Staining

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5-μm fixed sections were incubated with primary antibodies in a hybridization chamber for 1 h at room temperature or overnight at 4 °C. The primary antibodies for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cav-1, β-catenin and p21 were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology ); those for Ki67 and cyclin D1 were from Cell Signaling; those for p16 were from LS Bio and those for Rb were from Abcam. Following incubations with primary antibody, sections were incubated for 1 h with anti-mouse or anti-rabbit secondary antibodies, as appropriate for each primary, then visualized with diaminobenzidine (DAB) and counterstained with Hematoxylin for IHC and counterstained with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for immunohistofluorescence (IHF). Slides were observed under an Olympus microscope 1X701 and digital computer images were recorded with an Olympus DP70 camera.
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8

Immunohistochemical Antibody Panel

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Antibodies against alpha smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), Ki67 and Cav1 were from Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); antibody against CD31 was from Dianova (Hamburg, Germany), against HIF1-alpha from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor MI, USA) and against Casp3 cleaved from New England Biolabs (Frankfurt, Germany). Peroxidase and fluorescently-labeled secondary antibodies were from Jackson IR Laboratories (West Grove, PA, USA).
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9

Protein Expression Analysis Protocol

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Cells were lysed in cell lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 1% Triton X-100, 100 mM KCl, 50 mM NaF, 1 mM Na3VO4, 100 nM aprotinin, 1 µM bestatin, 1 mM p-amidinophenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF)). Protein lysates (30 μg) were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto PVDF membrane (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Membranes were immunoblotted with the respective antibodies as follows: anti-ROR1 (1:1000), anti-pAKT (1:1000), anti-FGFR1 (1:1000), β-ACTIN (1:5000), anti-AKT (1:1000), anti-EGFR (1:1000) from Cell Signaling (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA) and CAV-1 (1:1000) from Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Dallas, TX, USA). Immunoreactive bands were detected using a chemiluminescence based detection system (Bio-Rad).
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10

Immunoblot Analysis of Peroxisomal Proteins

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Cells were harvested in homogenizing buffer2 (link). Equal aliquots of total proteins (3–5 μg) were separated by SDS-PAGE, and subjected to immunoblotting with rabbit polyclonal antibodies to Far14 (link), Pex3p61 (link), Agps2 (link). Rabbit antiserum to human Dhapat was raised against a carboxyl-terminal portion encompassing amino-acid residues between 343 and 680. Guinea pig anti-Pex14pC62 (link), goat anti-lactate dehydrogenase antibody (LDH) (Rockland) and mouse antibodies to β–actin (MBL), Cav1 (Santa Cruz), Flot1 (BD Transduction Laboratories), and Tfr (Zymed Laboratories) were used. After probing with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies, immunoblots were developed with ECL reagents (GE Healthcare), and visualized by an LAS-4000 Mini luminescent image analyser (Fuji Film). The intensity of bands was quantified by Multi Gauge software version 3.0 software (Fuji Film) within the linear range of detection. Precision Plus Protein™ All Blue Standards (BioRad) was used as standard molecular mass markers.
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