Uv 3600 uv vis nir spectrometer

UV-visible spectra were collected on a Shimadzu UV-3600 UV/vis/NIR spectrometer. Samples for determination of K_2– were diluted directly into air tight 10 mm path length quartz cuvettes from stock solutions of 1–3. Samples from the determination of K_D were taken directly from FTIR solutions and enclosed in a 1.0 mm path length, Hellma Analytics QS® high precision cell.

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of TiO_2-x and TiO_2-x@GL; X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were obtained using the Rigaku D/MAX-2200 PX XRD system; and the parameters were set as Cu Kα, 40 mA, and 40 kV. Elements of Ti, O, and N were detected by sectional energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) with corresponding color mapping. The size distribution and ζ potential measurements of the particles were conducted on a Zetasizer system (Nano ZS90, Malvern Instrument Ltd.). The UV-vis-NIR absorption spectrum was used to record via Shimadzu UV-3600 UV-vis-NIR spectrometer. The irradiation source for photothermal hyperthermia was the 1064 nm multimode pump laser (Shanghai Connect Fiber Optics Co. Ltd.), and the ultrasound irradiation for sonodynamic therapy was conducted using an Intelect Transport Ultrasound (Chattanooga Group, United States). The Agilent 725 inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (Agilent Technologies) was used to confirm the quantitative analysis of the contents of nanoparticles. The intracellular uptake of nanoparticles and cell apoptosis levels were detected by flow cytometry (Becton, Dickinson and Company, United States), and confocal laser scanning microscopy images were recorded using FV1000 (Olympus Company, Japan).

¹H-NMR spectra were measured with Bruker Avance III 600 MHz system with BBI probe. The morphology of the films and devices was examined on a high-resolution field emission SEM (Hitachi SU8030). XRD patterns of the films were characterized by a Rigaku Miniflex600 pXRD (Cu Kα graphite, λ = 1.5406 Å) operating at 40 kV/15 mA with a Kβ foil filter. PL spectra were taken on a Horiba LabRAM HR Evolution confocal Raman microscope spectrometer (600 g mm⁻¹ diffraction grating) equipped with a diode continuouswave laser (473 nm, 25 mW) and a Synapse charge-coupled device camera. UV-vis absorption spectra of the films were measured with a Shimadzu UV-3600 UV-vis NIR spectrometer operating in the 200–2000 nm region at room temperature. EQE spectrum was obtained on an Oriel model QE-PV-SI instrument equipped with a NIST-certified Si diode. J–V curves were recorded using a Keithley model 2400 instrument under AM1.5 G simulated irradiation with a standard solar simulator (Abet Technologies). J–V curves were measured from 1.5 V to −0.2 V (reverse) or from −0.2 V to 1.5 V (forward) with an integration time of 16.67 ms and a voltage step of 11.4 mV. The light intensity of the solar simulator was calibrated by a NREL-certified monocrystalline silicon solar cell.

The ultraviolet–vis spectra were recorded in transmission mode on a Shimadzu UV–3600 UV–Vis–NIR spectrometer at 25 °C. The films were attached to a quartz plate. To study the trans-to-cis isomerization of the azobenzene units in PCAD@AG, a film of pure AG was employed for background check and also as reference in the sample measurements. The spectrum of the PCAD@AG film was recorded before irradiation (t=0 s). The PCAD@AG film was irradiated with ultraviolet light from a medium-pressure Hg lamp (λ=325–385 nm) and the spectral changes were recorded with time until subsequent spectra were indistinguishable. To study the cis-to-trans isomerization of the azobenzene units, the PCAD@AG film was first irradiated with ultraviolet light at λ=325–385 nm for 5 min and the spectrum was recorded (t=0 s). The film was then exposed to light from the ultraviolet lamp filtered with a sharp-cut filter (λ>400 nm) and the spectral changes were monitored with time. The solution-state spectrum was recorded from a solution of PCAD in dimethylformamide in a 1-cm quartz cuvette against pure solvent as background.

¹H NMR spectra were collected on a Bruker-400 MHz spectrometer in D₂O solutions with TMS as an internal standard (Bruker Corporation, Fällanden, Switzerland). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements were recorded from KBr pellets by use of a Thermo Nicolet 750 FTIR spectrometer (Artisan Technology Group, Champaign, IL, USA). The weight-average molecular weight was estimated by P230 Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) (Elite, Dalian, China, column: SEC-150, XIYU Tech, Shanghai, China) with standard polystyrene as a reference using water as an eluent at 40 °C. UV–Vis absorption spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV-3600 UV–Vis–NIR spectrometer (Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Kyoto, Japan). Emission spectra were performed by a Hitachi F-4600 fluorescence spectrometer (Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Thermo gravimetric (TG) analyses were performed on a TGA/SDTQ600 instrument (TA Instruments-A Division of Waters Ltd., Zellik, Belgium) at a heating rate of 20 °C/min under nitrogen.