Anti vegf β

Stomach tissues obtained from mice were prepared, stained, and imaged to assess cytokine expression. The primary antibodies used for immunofluorescence staining were: lectin GS II, anti-VEGF-β, anti-IL-10 (1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti-IFN-γ (1:50; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-IL-6 (1:500; Abcam), anti-TNF-α (1:100; Abcam), anti-IL-1β (1:100; Abcam), and anti-proteinase 3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Expression levels of VEGF-β, GS II, and cytokines were evaluated under confocal microscopy after immunofluorescent staining of deparaffinized tissue sections.

Stomach tissue obtained from mice was fixed in neutral buffered 10% formalin for 12 to 24 hours, washed in 70% ethanol, processed by standard methods, embedded in paraffin, sectioned at 3 μm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Loss of PCs and changes in the differentiation of mucosal neck-zymogenic lineage cells were observed. PCs were counted in H&E-stained sections taken from every mouse used in the study. Fifty well-aligned corpus gastric units were selected at random from each mouse. The number of PCs counted in each unit and the average number of PCs/unit were calculated. For immunofluorescence staining, stomach sections were co-stained with lectin GS II (a mucosal neck cell marker, 1:100; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and anti-VEGF-β (PCs marker, 1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dellas, TX, USA) antibodies. H&E counts were indistinguishable from immunofluorescence-based counts.