Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium 2 dimer corm 2

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Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) is a chemical compound used as a laboratory reagent. It is a source of carbon monoxide (CO) that can be used in biological and biochemical research applications.

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CORM-2 (47 citations)

7 protocols using tricarbonyldichlororuthenium 2 dimer corm 2

Osteoclastogenesis Regulation by CORM-2

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Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), α-minimum essential medium (α-MEM), and supplements were purchased from Invitrogen Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from HyClone Laboratories (Logan, UT). Recombinant murine sRANKL and macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) were purchased from PeproTech (Rock Hill, NJ, USA). Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2), bilirubin, FeCl₂, and ruthenium chloride (RuCl₃) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). All antibodies used in this study were purchased from Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) or Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti-NFATc1 monoclonal antibody was purchased from BD Biosciences Discovery Lab-ware (Bedford, MA).

Bak S.U., Kim S., Hwang H.J., Yun J.A., Kim W.S., Won M.H., Kim J.Y., Ha K.S., Kwon Y.G, & Kim Y.M. (2017). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/carbon monoxide (CO) axis suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation by inhibiting redox-sensitive NF-κB activation. BMB Reports, 50(2), 103-108.

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Murine TLR9 Agonist and Antagonist Assay

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TLR9 murine agonist CpG (ODN1826), TLR9 murine antagonist CpG (ODN2088), monoclonal anti-mTLR9 antibody, mouse monoclonal anti-hemagglutinin-tag (HA) Ab, pUNO-mTLR9-HA, pUNO-mcs purchased from Invivogen (San Diego, CA). Avian Myeloblastosis Virus-Reverse Transcriptase (AMV-RT) enzyme, SYBR Green Jump Start ready mix, Lysostaphin, actinomycin-D, and Tricarbonyl-dichloro-ruthenium (II) dimer (CORM2) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). The Micro-Bicinchoninic Acid assay (BCA) protein assay kit was purchased from Pierce Biotechnology (Rockford, IL). The Cobalt Protoporphyrin-IX (CoPP), Zinc Protoporphyrin-IX (ZnPP), Biliverdin was from Frontier Scientific, Logan, UT. The RNA isolation kit was acquired from Qiagen (Valencia, CA). Murine PMCs were isolated from HO-1^+/+ and HO-1^-/- mice and cultures were established as reported earlier [6 (link)].

Gahlot S., Nasreen N., Johnson J.A., Sahn S.A, & Mohammed K.A. (2017). Heme Oxygenase-1 Deficiency Diminishes Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clearance Due to Reduced TLR9 Expression in Pleural Mesothelial Cells. PLoS ONE, 12(1), e0169245.

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CORM-2 Modulates Rat Muscle Relaxation

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Male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight, 370-420 g) were purchased from the Medical Experimental Animal Center of Guangdong Province (Guangzhou, China). Animals were maintained on laboratory chow and housed in a specific pathogen-free room at a constant temperature (20-22°C) with 10 h of light and 14 h of dark exposure. All animal studies were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Sun Yat-sen University, and all experiments were performed in accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.
The tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II) dimer (CORM-2) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide as a stock solution. The inactive form of CORM-2 (iCORM-2) was prepared as described 18 (link). Vecuronium was purchased from ShiQiao BioPharm (Shanghai, China). Pentobarbital sodium was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Wang P., Yao L., Zhou L.L., Liu Y.S., Chen M.D., Wu H.D., Chang R.M., Li Y., Zhou M.G., Fang X.S., Yu T., Jiang L.Y, & Huang Z.T. (2016). Carbon Monoxide Improves Neurologic Outcomes by Mitochondrial Biogenesis after Global Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Cardiac Arrest in Rats. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 12(8), 1000-1009.

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Comprehensive Reagent Sourcing and Ethics Approval

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Example 37

Chemicals used in the following protocols were obtained from BDH (Palmerston North, NZ) or Sigma-Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia), unless otherwise specified. University of Wisconsin (UW) organ storage (Belzer UW® Cold Storage Solution) and perfusion (Belzer UW® Machine Perfusion Solution) solutions were kindly donated by Bridge to Life Ltd (SC, USA). CO gas was obtained from BOC (Dunedin, New Zealand). Tri-carbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and dissolved in 0.1% DMSO. The CO donor compounds oCOm-1 to oCOm-26 were synthesised as described. oCOm-19 was initially dissolved in 0.1% DMSO while oCOm-21, oCOm-23, oCOm-24 were dissolved directly in deionised, distilled water. All procedures in this study were approved and conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Animal Ethics Committee at the University of Otago and complied with the University of Otago “Code of Ethical Conduct for the Manipulation of Animals” and the “Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publication No. 85-23, 1996)”.

US11072584B2. Carbon monoxide releasing norbornenone compounds (2021-07-27). OTAGO INNOVATION LIMITED [NZ]. Inventors: Ivan Andrew Sammut [NZ], Joanne Clare Harrison [NZ], Russell James Hewitt [SG], Morgayn Iona Read [NZ], Nathan John Stanley [AU], Laura Molly Woods [US], Jui Thiang Brian Kueh [NZ], Morgan Jay-Smith [NZ], Robin Andrew James Smith [NZ], Gregory Giles [NZ], Lesley Larsen [NZ], David Rennison [NZ], Margaret Anne Brimble [NZ], David Samuel Larsen [NZ].

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Cobalt Protoporphyrin IX Modulates Cytokine Responses

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Cobalt(III) protoporphyrin IX chloride (CoPP) was from Frontier Scientific (Logan, Utah). Human TNF and IL-1β cytokines were from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). Bacterial strains used were Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC: 700408. Actinomycin D, Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) and its negative control Ruthenium (II) chloride hydrate (RuCl3) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). An inhibitor of the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase, SB202190 was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas). Compounds were tested for cytotoxicity using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (Sigma-Aldrich) with all compounds used demonstrating >90% viability within the experimental parameters compared to untreated cells.

Onyiah J.C., Schaefer R.E, & Colgan S.P. (2018). A Central Role for Heme Oxygenase-1 in the Control of Intestinal Epithelial Chemokine Expression. Journal of Innate Immunity, 10(3), 228-238.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Hemin and Protoporphyrin IX

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Hemin and protoporphyrin IX were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). ZnPP was synthesized in DDS research institute, Sojo University according to the previous literature
[33 (link)]. Pirarubicin (THP) was a generous gift from Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. Tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II) dimer (CORM2) was from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Other chemicals of reagent grade were from Wako Pure Chemicals (Osaka, Japan) and used without additional purification.

Yin H., Fang J., Liao L., Maeda H, & Su Q. (2014). Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 in colorectal cancer patients with increased circulation carbon monoxide levels, potentially affects chemotherapeutic sensitivity. BMC Cancer, 14, 436.

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Investigating Intracellular Oxidative Stress

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Urban PM (SRM 1648a) and tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The inactive variant iCORM-2 was generated through the inactivation of CORM-2 by replacing carbonyl groups with DMSO, as described in a previous study [32 (link)]. Apocynin (APO), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), and helenalin (HLN) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); whereas BCECF-AM (2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein, acetoxymethyl ester) was taken from Invitrogen (CA, USA).

Vo T.T., Hsu C.Y., Wee Y., Chen Y.L., Cheng H.C., Wu C.Z., Lin W.N, & Lee I.T. (2021). Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-2 Ameliorates Particulate Matter-Induced Aorta Inflammation via Toll-Like Receptor/NADPH Oxidase/ROS/NF-κB/IL-6 Inhibition. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021, 2855042.

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