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Elisa kits for tnf α and il 6

Manufactured by R&D Systems
Sourced in United States

ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6 are laboratory products designed to detect and quantify the levels of these cytokines in biological samples. The kits utilize the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to measure the concentration of the target analytes. They provide a reliable and standardized method for researchers to investigate the role of these important signaling molecules in various biological processes and disease states.

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8 protocols using elisa kits for tnf α and il 6

1

Inflammatory Signaling Pathway Modulation

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3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and all other chemicals were purchased from Millipore Sigma (Billerica, MA, USA). Recombinant human TNF-α and recombinant human IFN-γ were purchased from Bio-Techne Ltd. (Abingdon, UK). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin were obtained from Life Technologies Inc. (Grand Island, NY, USA). Primary antibodies against p-IKK α/β (cat no. 2697), NF-κB p65 (cat no. 8242), p-Akt (cat no. 9271), and ICAM-1 (cat no. 4915) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). Primary antibodies against IKK α/β (cat no. 7607), p-IκB-α (cat no. 8404), IκB-α (cat no. 203), Akt1/2/3 (cat no. sc-8312), PARP (cat no. sc-9542), α-tubulin (cat no. sc-8035), Filaggrin (cat no. sc-66192), VCAM-1 (cat no. sc-1504), E-selectin (cat no. sc-5262), and β-actin (cat no. sc-81178) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Jackson ImmunoResearch laboratories, Inc. (West Grove, PA, USA). The histamine ELISA kit was obtained from Enzo life Sciences, Inc. (Farmingdale, NY, USA). The ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6 were obtained from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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2

Cytokine Levels in Peritoneal Fluid

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The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured in the peritoneal fluid using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6 were obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, United States) while IL-10 was from Novex Life Technologies. The results are presented as the concentrations of cytokines per ml of peritoneal fluid.
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3

Induction of Inflammatory Responses

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Dimethyl sulfoxide, apigenin, genistein, LPS (from an Escherichia coli strain), 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), Griess reagent, and the Cell Proliferation Kit II (XTT) were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum, penicillin (100 IU/mL)-streptomycin (100 μg/mL), and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). The ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6 were purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Antibodies against p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, p-SAPK/JNK, SAPK/JNK, iNOS, COX2, and β-actin, and secondary antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). SNAH was obtained from ChemFaces Biochemical Co. Ltd. (Wuhan, China), and the purity of SNAH was ≥98%. It was dissolved at a concentration of 100 mM in Dimethyl sulfoxide. The IUPAC nomenclature of SNAH is (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylaldehyde, and the chemical structure was drawn using ChemDraw software (https://www.perkinelmer.com/category/chemdraw).
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4

Evaluating Anti-Inflammatory Effects of PHSP and GLSP

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The RAW264.7 cells (1 × 105 cells per well) were seeded in 48-well plates with different concentrations of PHSP(hp) and GLSP(hp) (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μg mL−1) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2 μg mL−1) as a positive control. After 24 h incubation, the culture supernatant was collected and assayed using the ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6, following the manufacturer's instructions (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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5

Hydrochloric Acid for Photodynamic Therapy

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Hydrochloric acid ammonium was purchased from Fudan Zhangjiang Pharmaceutical (China approval H20070027). Photodynamic therapy instrument was provided by Boji (China). LabSystem Version 1.3.1 microplate reader was purchased from Bio-Rad (USA). Rat anti-human p53 monoclonal antibody and anti-biotin goat anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody were purchased from Boster (China). IHC SP kit and H&E staining kit were purchased from Boster (China). ELISA kits for TNF-α and IL-6 were purchased from R&D (USA). Other common reagents were purchased from Sangon (China).
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6

Signaling Pathway Antibody Protocol

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Antibodies against JNK (cat. no. sc-7345), p-JNK (cat. no. sc-293136), ERK (cat. no. sc-514302), p-ERK (cat. no. sc-81492), NF-κB (cat. no. sc-8008), p-NF-κB (cat. no. sc-136548), p-IκB (cat. no. sc-8404), and β-actin (cat. no. sc-8432) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Antibodies against iNOS (cat. no. 13120) and COX-2 (cat. no. 4842) were acquired from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. The Qunati-MAX™ WST-8 Cell Viability Assay Kit and WestGlow™ Chemiluminescent substrate were obtained from Biomax FBS, RIPA buffer and DMEM were purchased from Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. Penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics, carboxy-H2DCFDA and Goat anti-Mouse IgG Alexa Fluor 488 (cat. no. A-11001) were purchased from Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). Griess reagent and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, cat. no. L2630) were procured from Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA. ELISA kits for IL-6 and TNF-α were obtained from R&D Systems, Inc. The Bradford assay reagent and SDS-PAGE sample loading buffer were purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
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7

Investigating LMIR8-Mediated Immune Responses

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Plates were coated overnight with 20 μg/mL of each Ab. BMMCs transfectants expressing Flag-tagged LMIR8 or mock were stimulated with plate-coated mouse ant-Flag Ab or mouse IgG1 as a control, plate-coated rat anti-LMIR8 Ab or rat IgG2a as a control with or without 1000 ng/ml LPS, or with 100 nM PMA for 24 h. BMpDCs were stimulated with 5 mM CpG ODN 1585 for 24 h on plate-coated rat anti-LMIR8 Ab or rat IgG2a as a control. The concentrations of cytokines/chemokines in the supernatants were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) kits for IL-6 and TNF-α (R&D Systems) or using the Procarta cytokine assay kit (Affymetrix) for IFN-α. Alternatively, lipids dissolved in methanol (10 μg/mL) or methanol only as a control were added to plates and air-dried for the reporter assay9 (link). 2B4-GFP or LMIR8-2B4-GFP cells were cultured for 24 h on plates coated with the indicated lipids or vehicle or with anti-LMIR8 Ab.
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8

Enzyme Assays and Molecular Analyses

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An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for corticosterone was obtained from Elabscience (Hebei, China). ELISA kits for IL-6 and TNF-α were obtained from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN). Antibodies for BDNF, p-p65, p65, and β-actin were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA). A QIAamp DNA stool mini kit was obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany).Buspirone (PC) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO).
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