Glyceryl monooleate

Gliclazide was granted from Rameda^®, Cairo, Egypt. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) was obtained from BDH, Poole, England. Glyceryl monooleate (GMO) was generously provided by Gattefosse, France. Poloxamer 407 (P407) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company (Milwaukee, WI, USA). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate (pharmaceutical grade), sodium hydroxide, sodium lauryl sulfate, methanol, phosphoric acid, and hydrochloric acid (analytical grade) were purchased from El Nasr Chemical Company, Cairo, Egypt.

Dried rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) leaves after deodorization were provided by Naturex, Avignon, France. For extraction solvents, refined corn, olive, avocado, wheat germ, hazelnut, apricot, sweet almond, and soybean oils were obtained from ieS LABO, Oraison, France. Refined peanut, sunflower, and rapeseed oils were obtained from Auchan, Avignon, France. Refined grapeseed oil was obtained from Tramier, Marseille, France. Glyceryl monooleate (GMO), glyceryl monostearate (GMS), diglycerides (Geleol™, Gattefosse), and soy lecithin were obtained from Oleos, Lunel, France. For analysis, solvents of analytical grade including methanol (99.8%), acetonitrile (99.8%), n-hexane (99.5%), phosphoric acid (85%), trifluoroacetic acid (99.8%), sodium bicarbonate (99.7%), and Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent, and water of HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) grade as well, were purchased from VWR Chemicals, Darmstadt, Germany. Standards of carnosol (purity 98%), carnosic, and rosmarinic acid (purity 97%) used in the HPLC analysis were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany.

PAC was a kind gift sample from Fresenius Kabi India Pvt. Ltd (Gurgaon, India). Intaxel (Commercial product of PAC in Cremophor EL/ethanol system) was purchased from Fresenius Kabi Oncology Ltd (Solan, India). propylene glycol monocaprylate (Sefsol 218) was gifted by Nikko Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan), polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate (Solutol HS 15) was obtained from BASF India Ltd (Mumbai, India), caprylocaproyl polyoxyl-8 glycerides (Labrasol), glyceryl monooleate (Peceol), glyceryl monolinoleate (Maisine 35-1), caprylic/capric triglycerides (Labrafac lipophile WL 1349), propylene glycol dicaprylocaprate (Labrafac PG), propylene glycol monolaurate (Lauroglycol FCC), polyglyceryl-6-dioleate (Plurol oleique), and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcutol HP) were provided by Gattefosse (Saint Priest Cedex, France). Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20), propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG 300), and polyoxyethylene 4000 (POE 4000) were purchased from Merck (Mumbai, India). All other reagents are of analytical grades.