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L tyrosine

Manufactured by Cambridge Isotopes
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L-tyrosine is an amino acid that serves as a precursor for the synthesis of various neurotransmitters and hormones in the human body. It is a naturally occurring compound found in many protein-rich foods. This product is a high-purity form of L-tyrosine suitable for use in research and analytical applications.

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4 protocols using l tyrosine

1

Labeling Plant Metabolites with Isotopes

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Phe and Tyr feeding was performed similarly to the methods of Wang P. et al. (2018 (link)) and Simpson et al. (2021 (link)). Plants were removed from the soil, washed with water, and placed into a 120 ml beaker containing the labeling medium along with two other replicate plants. The labeling medium consisted of 30 ml of a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with either 1 mM L-phenylalanine (Sigma) or L-tyrosine, or 1 mM ring-[13C6]-labeled L-phenylalanine or ring-[13C6]-labeled L-tyrosine [Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Tewskbury, MA. Cat No. CLM-1055 (Phe) or CLM-1542 (Tyr)]. Plants were fed for 24 h in the greenhouse under the conditions described above, after which, each plant was rinsed with water and patted dry. The roots, basal 2 cm of the plant (representing the stem and 2 cm of leaf sheath and developing leaves), and 5 cm of the non-fully expanded leaves were dissected from the plant, flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -70°C until metabolite extraction.
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2

Targeted Metabolite Profiling Protocol

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We focused on 12 metabolites that have previously been reported to be biomarker candidates;13, 14 ie, threonine, methionine, arabinose, asparagine, xylitol, glutamine, 1,5‐AG, lysine, histidine, tyrosine, inositol and uric acid. Stable isotope products for each metabolite; ie, l‐threonine [13C4, 97%‐99%], l‐methionine [13C5, 99%], d‐arabinose [U‐13C5, 99%], l‐asparagine:H2O [13C4, 99%], d‐xylitol [U‐13C5, 99%], l‐glutamine [13C5, 99%], 1,5‐AG [U‐13C6, 98%+], l‐lysine:2HCl [13C6, 99%], l‐histidine:HCl:H2O [13C6, 97%‐99%], l‐tyrosine [ring‐13C6, 99%], myo‐inositol [1,2,3,4,5,6‐D6, 98%], and uric acid [1,3‐15N2, 98%], were obtained from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. (Tewksbury, MA, USA). Methanol was acquired from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). 2‐Isopropylmalic acid and methoxyamine hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Pyridine was obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd (Osaka, Japan). N‐Methyl‐N‐(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) was acquired from GL Sciences Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Human standard plasma (as a quality control) was obtained from Kohjin Bio Co., Ltd (Osaka, Japan).
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3

Accurate Quantification of Target Amino Acids

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The purity assessed CRMs of
the target AAs (l-Proline, l-Valine, l-Isoleucine, l-leucine, l-phenylalanine, and l-tyrosine)
were obtained from the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ,
Japan). The following isotopic labeled Aas for the ISTDs were obtained
from Cambridge Isotopes Laboratory (Andover, MA): l-Proline
(U-13C5, 99%; 15N, 99%; Pro*), l-Valine (U-13C5, 97–99%;15N,97–99%; Val*), l-Isoleucine (U-13C6, 99%; 15N, 99%; Ile*), l-Leucine (U-13C6, 97–98%; 15N, 97–98%;
Leu*), l-Phenylalanine (U-13C9, 99%; 15N, 99%; Phe*), and l-Tyrosine (13C9, 99%; Tyr*). All other chemicals used in this study are summarized
in the Supporting Information.
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4

Comprehensive Lipid and Metabolite Analysis

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PC(12:0/13:0), PE(12:0/13:0), SM(d18:1/12:0) and Cer(d18:1/12:0) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Stable isotope labeled references were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, MA, USA), including: Glycine (2-13C, 15N), L-Alanine (2,3,3,3-D4), L-Valine (D8), L-Leucine (5,5,5-D3), L-Methionine (methyl-D3), L-Phenylalanine (ring-13C6), L-Tyrosine (ring-13C6), L-Aspartic acid (2,3,3-D3), DL-Glutamic acid (2,4,4-D3), L-Ornithine: HCl (5,5-D2), L-Citrulline (5,5-D2) and L-Arginine (5-13C, 4,4,5,5-D4). Deuterium-labeled carnitine and acylcarnitines (NSK-B set) were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA), including 2H3-Acetylcarnitine (C2), 2H3-Propionylcarnitine (C3), 2H3-Butyrylcarnitine (C4), 2H9-Isovalerylcarnitine (C5), 2H3-Octanoylcarnitine (C8), 2H9-Myristoylcarnitine (C14), and 2H3-Palmitoylcarnitine (C16). HPLC-grade ammonium acetate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), and HPLC-grade formic acid and acetonitrile were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). All solutions were prepared by LC-MS ultra-pure water.
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