L glutathione

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, France

L-glutathione is a tripeptide composed of glutamic acid, cysteine, and glycine. It is a naturally occurring antioxidant found in various organisms. L-glutathione is commonly used in laboratory settings to study its role in cellular processes and oxidative stress.

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Lab products found in correlation

L cysteine, by Merck Group (13 mentions) Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (9 mentions) Bovine serum albumin (bsa), by Merck Group (8 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (8 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (6 mentions) 1 chloro 2 4 dinitrobenzene, by Merck Group (6 mentions) L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (6 mentions) L glutamine, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (5 mentions) Insulin, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Sodium bicarbonate, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Dithiothreitol (dtt), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Rpmi 1640 medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Hydrogen peroxide, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Glycine, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 20 hydroxyecdysone, by Merck Group (3 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

L-glutathione reduced (175 citations) L-glutathione reduced (GSH) (50 citations) L-Glutathione (GSH) (13 citations) L-glutathione oxidized (8 citations) L-glutathione reduced form (7 citations) L-glutathione (L-GSH) (2 citations)

94 protocols using l glutathione

Development of a μPAD Sensor

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All reagents used were of analytical reagent grade unless stated otherwise and were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich Química S.A., Madrid, Spain). All aqueous solutions were made using reverse osmosis-type quality water, Milli-RO 12 plus Milli-Q station from Millipore, with a conductivity of 18.2 MΩ·cm (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) (CAS No, 54827-17-7); acetic acid (CAS No, 64-19-7); sodium acetate (CAS No, 127-09-3); ethanol (CAS No, 64-17-5); L-glutathione (GSH) (CAS No, 70-18-8); L-cysteine (Cys) (CAS No, 7048-04-6); L-glutamine (Gln) (CAS No, 56-85-9); L-arginine (Arg) (CAS No, 74-79-3); L-asparagine (Asn) (CAS No, 70-47-3); DL-homocysteine (Hcys) (CAS No, 454-29-5); L-glutamic acid (Glu) (CAS No, 56-86-0); D-mannose (Man) (CAS No, 3458-28-4); galactose (Gal) (CAS No, 137868-52-1); D-lysine (Lys) (CAS No, 923-27-3); L-serine (Ser) (CAS No, 56-45-1); L-histidine (His) (CAS No, 71-00-1); Bovine serum albumin (BSA) (CAS No, 9048-46-8); and Silver nitrate (AgNO₃) (CAS No, 7761-88-8) were acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Filter paper (ref. Whatman 1, qualitative circles 150 mm) from Sigma-Aldrich and 54 × 86 mm transparent sheets with a quality strength protection of 125 microns (Fellowes^® pouches, Itaca, NY, USA) were used to prepare and laminate the μPAD.

Ortiz-Gómez I., Rivadeneyra A., Salmerón J.F., de Orbe-Payá I., Morales D.P., Capitán-Vallvey L.F, & Salinas-Castillo A. (2023). Near-Field Communication Tag for Colorimetric Glutathione Determination with a Paper-Based Microfluidic Device. Biosensors, 13(2), 267.

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Prenylflavonoid Bioassay Protocol

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Minimum essential medium (MEM) non-essential amino acid solution as well as Eagle’s MEM (EMEM), L-glutamine solution, xanthohumol (XH), isoxanthohumol (IXH), 6-prenylnaringenin (6-PN), 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), L-(−)-norepinephrine, S-(5′-Adenosyl)-L-methionine (SAM), L-glutathione (GSH), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate (PAP), 2-naphthol and menadione were obtained from Merck (Kenilworth, NJ, USA). Fetal bovine serum and streptomycin sulfate were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). All other chemicals of HPLC or analytical grade were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Prague, Czech Republic). All prenylflavonoids were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and their stock solutions were stored at 4 °C in the dark.

Lněničková K., Šadibolová M., Matoušková P., Szotáková B., Skálová L, & Boušová I. (2020). The Modulation of Phase II Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Proliferating and Differentiated CaCo-2 Cells by Hop-Derived Prenylflavonoids. Nutrients, 12(7), 2138.

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Cultivating and Characterizing Edible Mushroom

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Fresh Agaricus bisporus was cultivated in Guoshen Bio-Technique Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Chicken broth was prepared using commercial chicken consommé seasoning from Unilever Co., Ltd. (Hefei, Anhui, China).
Food grade citric acid, sucrose, sodium chloride, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and caffeine were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). L-glutathione was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sephadex G-15 was acquired from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Methanol and formic acid were of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade and purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Feng T., Wu Y., Zhang Z., Song S., Zhuang H., Xu Z., Yao L, & Sun M. (2019). Purification, Identification, and Sensory Evaluation of Kokumi Peptides from Agaricus bisporus Mushroom. Foods, 8(2), 43.

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HPLC Analysis of Amino Acids and Antioxidants

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All the chemicals used in the experiments were of analytical grade. Acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) were HPLC gradient-grade (Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Per-chloric (60%) and hydrochloric acid (37%) were from J.T. Baker (NJ, United States). Sigma-Aldrich Chemie (Sant Quentin Fallavier, France) provided Alcalase 2.4 L FG (CAS no. 9014-01-1), ortho-phthaldialdehyde reagent (OPA), l-glutathione, borate buffer, formic acid (for LC-MS LiChropur™), ammonium acetate, ammonium formate, phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC), triethylamine (TEA), pure standards for 19 amino acids, taurine, hypotaurine and homotaurine, trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid), 2,20-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), α-diphenyl-β- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), potassium persulfate, Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, and gallic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). The SIRT1 Direct Fluorescent Screening Assay Kit was from ABNOVA (Cat # KA1366, Taiwan).

Terriente-Palacios C., Rubiño S., Hortós M., Peteiro C, & Castellari M. (2022). Taurine, homotaurine, GABA and hydrophobic amino acids content influences “in vitro” antioxidant and SIRT1 modulation activities of enzymatic protein hydrolysates from algae. Scientific Reports, 12, 20832.

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Paraquat Toxicity Mitigation in Flies

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Standard food was prepared, and paraquat was added to a final concentration of 50 mM. Then, 0.5 mM vitamin E (α-Tocopherol, Sigma 258024) and 0.25 mM reduced glutathione (L-Glutathione, Sigma G4251) were added to paraquat-containing food, and flies were subsequently monitored for survival. Survival curves showing percent survival over time were plotted using Graphpad, and p-values are obtained using the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon statistical test. Experiments were repeated two times.

Riahi H., Brekelmans C., Foriel S., Merkling S.H., Lyons T.A., Itskov P.M., Kleefstra T., Ribeiro C., van Rij R.P., Kramer J.M, & Schenck A. (2019). The histone methyltransferase G9a regulates tolerance to oxidative stress–induced energy consumption. PLoS Biology, 17(3), e2006146.

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Purification of GST-tagged Proteins from E. coli

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Budding yeast genes were cloned into a pGEX4T1 vector to generate an N-terminally tagged GST fusion proteins. The plasmids used in this study are listed in Supplemental Table S2. Mutations were generated by using the QuikChange XL kit (Stratagene) and sequenced. Proteins were expressed in the Escherichia coli strain Rosetta 2 (Novagen) by the addition of 0.2 mM IPTG for 20 h at 14°C. After protein expression, cells were collected and suspended in lysis buffer (50 mM Tris at pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% NP-40, 1 mM PMSF, protease inhibitors, 0.5 mg/mL lysozyme solution). The cells were incubated for 45 min at 4°C and lysed using a EpiShear Probe sonicator (Active Motif). Lysed cells were centrifuged, and the supernatant was removed and incubated with glutathione sepharose 4B (GE). Recombinant GST fusion proteins were eluted by the addition of 15 mg/mL L-glutathione (Sigma) dissolved in 100 mM Tris (pH 8.0). Recombinant proteins were run on a 4%–12% BisTris gel and analyzed with colloidal staining.

Schibler A., Koutelou E., Tomida J., Wilson-Pham M., Wang L., Lu Y., Cabrera A.P., Chosed R.J., Li W., Li B., Shi X., Wood R.D, & Dent S.Y. (2016). Histone H3K4 methylation regulates deactivation of the spindle assembly checkpoint through direct binding of Mad2. Genes & Development, 30(10), 1187-1197.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Halogenated Biphenyl Metabolites

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PCB 136, 2,2′,3,3′,6,6′-hexachlorobiphenyl-4-ol (4-136), 2,2′,3,3′,6,6′-hexachlorobiphenyl-5-ol (5-136), 4,5-dimethoxy-2,2′,3,3′,6,6′-hexachlorobiphenyl (methylated derivative of 2,2′,3,3′,6,6′-hexachlorobiphenyl-4,5-diol; 4,5-136) and 2,2′,3′,4,6,6′-hexachloro-3-methoxybiphenyl (methylated derivative of 2,2′,3′,4,6,6′-hexachlorobiphenyl-3-ol; 3-150) were synthesized as described previously (Waller et al. 1999 (link)). The chemical structures and the abbreviations of the HO-PCB metabolites are shown in Figure 1A. Surrogate recovery standards (2,3,4′,5,6-pentachlorobiphenyl, PCB 117; 2′,3,3′,4,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl-4-ol, 4-159) and internal standard (2,2′,3,4,4′,5,6,6′-octachlorobiphenyl, PCB 204) were purchased from Accustandard (New Haven, CT). NAC and tetrabutylammonium sulfite were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA, USA). L-Glutathione and β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt hydrate (NADPH) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Pesticide grade n-hexane, 2-propanol and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburg, PA, USA).

Wu X, & Lehmler H.J. (2015). EFFECTS OF THIOL ANTIOXIDANTS ON THE ATROPSELECTIVE OXIDATION OF 2,2′,3,3′,6,6′-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL (PCB 136) BY RAT LIVER MICROSOMES. Environmental science and pollution research international, 23(3), 2081-2088.

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Biochemical Assay Reagent Preparation

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Sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate (≥98%), sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate (98%), Brilliant Blue G-250 (ultra pure), dimethyl sulfoxide (≥99%), Fast Blue B salt (approx. 95%), L-glutathione, reduced (≥98%), 1-naphthyl acetate (α NA) (≥98%), 1 chloro 2,-4 dinitrobenzene (CDNB, 98%), and resmethrin (analytical standard, 99.4%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Phosphoric acid (85%), hydrochloric acid (99.7%), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (99%), and sodium hydroxide (ACS grade) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Kansas City, MO). Bovine serum albumin (biotechnology grade) and acetone (ACS grade) were purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH). Ethyl alcohol (absolute; ACS/USP grade) was purchased from Pharmco-Aaper (Brookfield, CT).

Pokhrel V., DeLisi N.A., Danka R.G., Walker T.W., Ottea J.A, & Healy K.B. (2018). Effects of truck-mounted, ultra low volume mosquito adulticides on honey bees (Apis mellifera) in a suburban field setting. PLoS ONE, 13(3), e0193535.

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Wound Treatment with Glutathione and Amylase

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Example 4

To 50 ml of the base solution from example 1 is added 5.00 g of L-glutathione (reduced form; Sigma Aldrich), followed by 5000 of Spezyme AA (an alpha amylase enzyme solution from Enzyme Solutions, Australia). 0.5 g of a 50% solution of benzalkonium chloride is then added. The solution is then stirred to homogenise, and then applied to the wound of a patient.

US11510960B2. Biofilm disrupting composition for use on chronic wounds (2022-11-29). Whiteley Corporation Pty Ltd [AU], The University of Sydney [AU]. Inventors: Theerthankar Das Ashish Kumar [AU], Jim Manos [AU], Gregory Stuart Whiteley [AU], Trevor Owen Glasbey [AU].

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Synthesis of Polyurethane with Antioxidant Properties

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Diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (MDI), stannous octoate, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), and l-glutathione (GSH) are all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Polycarbonatediol (PCDL) is purchased from UBE Industries, Ltd. 2-Hydroxyethyl disulfide (BHS) is purchased from TCI. 1,4-Butylene glycol (BDO) and N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) are obtained from Kelong Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Chengdu, China) and distilled under vacuum before use.

Li P., Cai W., Li X., Zhang H., Zhao Y, & Wang J. (2022). Sulfur-Mediated Polycarbonate Polyurethane for Potential Application of Blood-Contacting Materials. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 874419.

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