Low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose l hpc

Clopidogrel bisulfate and rosuvastatin calcium were purchased from Dr. Reddy’s Laboratory Ltd. (Hyderabad, India) and TEVA Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Petah Tikva, Israel), respectively. Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC) was obtained from Shin-Etsu Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Copovidone, crospovidone, and sodium lauryl sulfate were purchased from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Lactose monohydrate (Meggle Pharma, Wasserburg, Germany), colloidal silicon dioxide (Evonik, Essen, Germany), talc (Nippon Talc, Osaka, Japan), magnesium stearate (Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals, Staines, UK), carnauba wax (SS Pharm Co., Ansan, South Korea), sodium stearyl fumarate (JRS Pharma, Rosenberg, Germany), glyceryl behenate (Gattefosse, Saint-Priest, France), titanium dioxide (Kronos Inc., Chelmsford, MA, USA), sodium starch glycolate (DFE Pharma, Goch, Germany), and croscarmellose sodium (FMC Co., Philadelphia, PA, USA) were also purchased from the corresponding companies as indicated in parentheses. All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.

Oolong tea leaves (Utonrousousuisen) were purchased from the Banboo Cakan Chinese tea ceremony (Kochi, Japan). d(−)-Mannitol was purchased in its β crystalline form from Merck Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC) (mean particle size, 45 µm; hydroxyepoxy group, NBD-020) was supplied by Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (Kollidon® 25) was obtained from BASF Japan (Tokyo, Japan). Gum arabic (Gum arabic HP powder), carrageenan (Sheepy gum® FA), guar gum (Guar pack® PF-20), tamarind gum (Glyroid® 6C), and pectin (H&F pectin classic AF701) were purchased from DSP Gokyo Food and Chemical (Osaka, Japan). Yeast nitrogen base without amino acids was purchased from Nippon Becton Dickinson Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Glucose, ammonium sulfate, polypeptone S, and monopotassium phosphate were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd (Osaka, Japan). Brain heart infusion was purchased from Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). All other reagents used were of the highest grade available from commercial sources.

Curcumin, D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, Tween^® 80, and propionic acid were purchased from Sigma Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Krill oil and sodium taurocholate were purchased from Shanghai ColdSpring Biopharma Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC) was obtained from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Lecithin and acetone were purchased from Daejung chemical & metals Co., Ltd. (Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Acetonitrile and methanol were provided by Avantor, Inc. (Radnor, PA, USA). Aminoclay was obtained using the method reported previously [24 ]. All other chemicals were of analytical grade and all solvents were of HPLC grade.