Human immunodeficiency virus status was assessed using rapid tests (Determine HIV1/2, Abbott Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan or Vikia, bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France). T-helper cells [cluster of differentiation four positive cells (CD4+ cells)] were measured in venous EDTA blood using FACSCount (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA).
Vikia
Manufactured by bioMérieux
Sourced in France
Vikia is a rapid diagnostic test developed by bioMérieux. It is designed to provide a quick and accurate detection of specific analytes or pathogens in a sample. The core function of Vikia is to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of various medical conditions through the use of immunochromatographic technology.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Determine hiv 1 2, by Abbott (2 mentions)
Facscount, by BD (1 mentions)
Uni goldtm, by Trinity Biotech (1 mentions)
Sd bioline hiv 1 2 3, by Standard Diagnostics (1 mentions)
Geenius, by Bio-Rad (1 mentions)
Geenius hiv 1 2 confirmatory assay, by Bio-Rad (1 mentions)
Unigold, by Trinity Biotech (1 mentions)
Uni gold hiv, by Trinity Biotech (1 mentions)
3 protocols using vikia
1
HIV Status and CD4+ Cell Assessment
2
HIV Antibody Screening Protocol
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Plasma samples were screened for antibodies against HIV1/2 following the national serial rapid HIV testing algorithm and the WHO’s guidelines on HIV testing and counseling strategy.20 ,21 (link) Accordingly, three commercially available rapid tests were used in the following order: Wantai (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd., China) (screening test), Uni-GoldTM (Trinity Biotech PLC, Bray, Ireland) (confirmatory test), and Vikia (bioMérieux SA, France) (tiebreaker test). According to the HIV testing algorithm, to declare a person HIV positive, he/she should be positive with at least two tests. The sensitivity and specificity of each rapid test are summarized in the Supplementary Table 1
Briefly, plasma samples that tested positive with the first test (Wantai) were subjected to the second test (Uni-Gold), and those found positive with the second test too considered positive for HIV1/2 antibodies. Likewise, those samples positive with the first test and negative with the second test (discordant result) were tested with the third test (Vikia), and samples that turned positive were considered positive for HIV1/2 antibodies. Results from each test were interpreted as per the manufacturer’s instruction.
Briefly, plasma samples that tested positive with the first test (Wantai) were subjected to the second test (Uni-Gold), and those found positive with the second test too considered positive for HIV1/2 antibodies. Likewise, those samples positive with the first test and negative with the second test (discordant result) were tested with the third test (Vikia), and samples that turned positive were considered positive for HIV1/2 antibodies. Results from each test were interpreted as per the manufacturer’s instruction.
3
Evaluation of HIV Rapid Diagnostic Tests
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All eight HIV RDTs (Determine HIV-1/2 [Determine; Alere, USA], Uni-Gold HIV [Uni-Gold; Trinity Biotech, Ireland], Genie Fast HIV 1/2 [Genie Fast; BioRad Laboratories, USA], Vikia HIV 1/2 [Vikia; bioMérieux, France], HIV 1/2 Stat-Pak [Stat-Pak; Chembio, USA], Insti HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody test [Insti; bioLytical, Canada], SD Bioline HIV 1/2 3.0 [SD Bioline; Standard Diagnostics, South Korea], and First Response HIV Card Test1-2.O [First Response; PMC, India]) and two simple confirmatory assays (ImmunoComb II HIV 1&2 CombFirm [ImmunoComb Combfirm; Orgenics, Alere, Israel] and Geenius HIV 1/2 confirmatory assay [Geenius; Bio-Rad, USA]) were performed at ITM on all collected plasma samples from the six study sites, as reported elsewhere (14 (link)). All tests were performed by six trained laboratory technicians. Each test was read by two technicians, each of whom was blind to the results reported by the other reader and to the reference standard result. When the two readers gave discordant results, a third reader was consulted to resolve the discrepancy. The details of the tests, as well as their performance per origin of specimens in our evaluation, are presented elsewhere (14 (link)).
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