Anti thioredoxin interacting protein txnip

Male mice (6–8 weeks old; n = 6–7/ group) were randomised to a standard diet (16.7% kJ fat and 12.4% kJ sugar wt/wt) or high-fat/high-sugar diet (HFHS; 49.2% kJ fat and 32.2% kJ sugar wt/wt) for 15 weeks. Body weight and food consumption were measured weekly. At the end of the study, GTTs and metabolic measurements were performed. Metabolic measurements were measured using a Columbus Instruments Comprehensive Lab Monitoring System (CLAMS; Columbus Instruments), as described in ESM. Tissues (pancreas,liver and white adipose tissue) were dissected, weighed and flash frozen or fixed for immunohistochemistry (anti-CD3, anti-CD68, anti-thioredoxin-interacting protein [TXNIP] and anti-phospho [p][S536]-p65 [1:100; Abcam], anti-ceramide [1:10; Enzo Life Sciences]). Immunoprecipitated insulin receptor (IR) or IRS-2 from liver protein extracts (anti-IRS2 [Cell Signaling], anti-IR [Santa Cruz Biotechnology]; 1 μg) were subjected to Tris-glycine PAGE, immunoblotted with anti-IRS2 or anti-p-Tyr (1:1000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), visualised by enhanced chemiluminescence and quantified using ImageJ.