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Phospho p38 mapk

Manufactured by Cell Signaling Technology
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, China

Phospho-p38 MAPK is a lab equipment product that detects the phosphorylated form of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). It is used to monitor the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

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248 protocols using phospho p38 mapk

1

Immunoblotting Muscle Protein Expression

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Immunoblots were performed as previously described.13 Homogenized tibialis anterior (TA) or soleus (20 μg per well) were separated and transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore). Membranes were incubated with primary antibodies: phospho‐p38 MAPK (#9211, Thr180/Tyr182, Cell Signaling), p38 MAPK (#9212, Cell Signaling), RyR1 (#ab2868), CSQ1,2 (#ab3516), and DHPR (#ab2864) and thereafter with infrared‐labelled secondary antibodies (IRDye 680, IRDye 800, LI‐COR Biosciences). Detection and analyses were performed with the LI‐COR imaging system and normalized to total protein, which was determined by Ponceau S or Coomassie staining.
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2

Quantification of Phosphorylated Signaling Proteins

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Cells were harvested 24 hrs after seeding on PUR substrates in a radioimmunoprecipitation buffer containing a cocktail of protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Pierce). Equal protein concentrations were prepared for loading with NuPAGE sample buffer (Life Technologies) and separated on a 10% SDS-PAGE gel (BioRad). Proteins were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% BSA in TBS containing 0.1% Tween-20 for 1h at room temperature, followed by incubation with either phospho-p38MAPK (1:1000, Cell Signalling), p38MAPK (1:1000, Cell Signalling), phospho-Smad2/3 (1:1000, Cell Signalling) or Smad2/3 (1:1000, Cell Signalling) antibodies overnight at 4°C. After washing, membranes were blotted with anti-rabbit IgG (1:2000, SantaCruz), and bands were detected by enhanced chemiluminescence using an In-Vivo MS FX Pro (Bruker). Membranes were then stripped and reprobed using an antibody for β-actin (1:5000, Sigma) as a loading control. Phosphorylated events were quantified by normalizing the band intensity of phosphorylated protein to total protein. Analysis was performed using Image J software.
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3

Signaling Pathway Activation in Macrophages

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WT and Dgkζ-/- BMMs treated with 100 ng/ml LPS, 100ng/ml IFNγ or 50 ng/ml IL-4 for the indicated time points were lysed in RIPA buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 1% Nonidet P-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate) supplemented with protease/phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (Pierce). The protein lysates were resolved by SDS-PAGE and electro-transferred into nitrocellulose membranes and probed with specific antibodies. The following antibodies were used: phospho-STAT1 (7649, Cell Signaling Technology), STAT1 (9172, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-STAT3 (9145, Cell Signaling Technology), STAT3 (4904, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-STAT6 (9361, Cell Signaling Technology), STAT6 (5397, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-AKT (4060, Cell Signaling Technology), AKT (2966, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-p38 MAPK (9216, Cell Signaling Technology), p38 MAPK (9219, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-GSK3β (9336, Cell Signaling Technology), GSK3β (9315, Cell Signaling Technology) and β-Actin (A5441, Sigma).
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Cells pellets were lysed in RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich). Supernatant containing 20 µg of proteins was resolved in SDS-polyacrylamide gel and electroblotted onto PVDF membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA) using a semidry transfer unit (ATTO, Tokyo, Japan). Immunoblotting was performed with anti-VEGF, MMP-2, Vimentin (Santa Cruz), N-Cadherin, uPA & hnRNP-K (Abcam), phospho-p38MAPK, E-Cadherin (Cell Signaling), HSP27 (StressMarq Biosciences Inc.) and β-actin (Abcam, Cambridge) antibodies. The membranes probed with the first antibodies were excessively washed with TBS-T (Tris-buffered saline-Tween 20) and incubated with secondary horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-mouse or anti-rabbit (Santa Cruz) antibodies. Protein bands were detected using ECL prime substrate (GE Healthcare, CA). Densitometric quantitation of three independent immunoblotting experiments was performed with the Image J software (NIH, Bethesda, MD). Expression level of each of the proteins in control and treated cells was calculated with respect to the β-actin (loading control). All experiments were performed in triplicate.
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5

Comprehensive Signaling Pathway Analysis

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PTEN(9559), p44/42(Erk1/2)(9107), phospho-p44/42(Thr202/Tyr204)(9101), p38MAPK(8690), phospho-p38MAPK(Thr180/Tyr182)(4511), eIF4E(9742), phospho-eIF4E(Ser209)(9741), Mnk(2195), phospho-Mnk(Thr197/202)(2111), phospho-4EBP1(Ser65)(9451), AKT(4685), phospho-Akt(Ser473)(9271), mTOR(2983), phospho-mTOR(Ser2448)(2971), phospho-p70S6K(Thr421/Ser424)(9205), AR(3202), α-Tubulin(2125), c-Myc(9402), Survivin(2808), Cyclin D1(2978), BCL-2(2872), p-eIF4G(2441) and EGFR(2232) were from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA), 4EBP1(6936), AR(N-20)(816), β-Actin(130656) were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA). GAPDH(MAB374) was from EMD Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany. phospho-eIF4E(Ser209)(ab76256) for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were from Abcam, Cambridge, UK. Ki67(7240) antibody was from DAKO via Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA.
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6

Protein Extraction and Immunoblotting for RBL-2H3 Cells

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Nuclear and cytosolic proteins were extracted as previously described19 (link). Before protein extraction, RBL-2H3 cells (2 × 106/well in 6-well plates) were sensitized with anti-DNP IgE (50 ng/ml). After incubation overnight, the cells were pretreated with or without PD for 1 h and challenged with DNP-HSA (100 ng/ml). Then, cell extracts were prepared by detergent lysis procedure as described previously19 (link). Samples of protein (30 μg) were electrophoresed using 8–12% SDS-PAGE gel at 120 V for 90 min and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, NJ, USA). Immunodetection was carried out using a chemiluminescent substrate. The antibodies of IKK, phospho-IKK, NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, PARP, IκBα, phospho-IκBα, and β-actin were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). The antibodies of Syk, phospho-Syk, Lyn, phospho-Lyn, Gab2, phospho-Gab2, Akt, phospho-Akt, p38 MAPK, phospho-p38 MAPK, ERK, phospho-ERK, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA).
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7

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Western blotting was performed following standard protocols. Primary antibodies reactive to phospho-NF-kB p65 (1:1000; Cell Signaling, 3033), NF-kB p65 (1:1000; Cell Signaling, 4764), phospho-AKT (1:500; Cell Signaling, 4060), AKT (1:1000; Cell Signaling, 4685), phospho-p38 MAPK (1:800; Cell Signaling, 4631), p38 MAPK (1:1000; Cell Signaling, 9212), PGC1β (1:1000; Abcam, 176328), and β-actin (1:20,000; Sigma, F3022) were used. Primary antibody binding was detected by enhanced chemoluminescence (GE Healthcare, RPN2106).
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8

Analyzing Protein Expression Levels

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To analyze protein expression levels, cells were washed briefly in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), lysed in urea sample buffer (8 M deionized urea, 1% SDS, 10% Glycerol, 60 mM Tris pH 6.8, and 5% beta-mercaptoethanol) and equalized for total protein concentration. Samples were subjected to SDS-PAGE (Genscript, Piscataway, NJ), followed by transfer to PVDF membranes (Sigma). Membranes were probed with the following antibodies: Desmoplakin / NW6, Plakoglobin / 1407 (Kathleen Green, Northwestern University), GAPDH, Plakophilin 2, RhoA (Santacruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX), p38 MAPK, phospho-p38 MAPK (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA), Rac1 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), Desmoglein-2 / 6D8 (ThermoFisher) and HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies from Jackson ImmunoResearch (West Grove, PA). Blots were visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence using a ChemiDoc imager (BioRad, Hercules, CA). All western blots shown are representative of data from three independent experiments. To measure levels of GTP-bound RhoA and Rac1, multiple scratch wounds were made in triplicate samples of control and DP knockdown cells, and colorimetric G-LISA assays performed according to manufacturer’s instructions (Cytoskeleton, Denver CO). Absorbance measurements at 490 nm (indicative of GTPase activity) were obtained using an Epoch 2 plate reader (Biotek, Winooski, VT).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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Equal quantities of cell extracts were separated on a 10% SDS-PAGE gel, transferred, and analyzed by the Western lightning plus-ECL detection system (Perkin Elmer, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). Briefly, antibodies against NDRG1, NDRG2, NDRG3 (Invitrogen), Snail (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), cyclin E, E-cadherin, STAT3, N-cadherin, Vimentin (Abgent, San Diego, CA, USA), Slug, p44/42 MAPK, Phospho-p44/42 MAPK, SAPK/JNK, Phospho-SAPK/JNK, p38 MAPK, Phospho-p38 MAPK (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), Phospho-STAT3 and β-actin (Millipore) were used and the protein bands were detected and quantified with the ChemiGenius Image Capture System (Syngene, Cambridge, UK) and the GeneTools Program of ChemiGenius (Syngene).
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10

Dissecting Apoptosis Signaling Pathways

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G1 was purchased from Tocris (Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt, Germany), dissolved (5 mM) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Roth, Karsruhe, Germany) and stored at −20 °C; Thapsigargin, SP600125, GSK2606414 were also purchased from Tocris. Indo-1 AM was from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). zVAD-fmk was bought from Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). SB203580 and Kira6 were purchased from MERCK Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany). All substances were dissolved in DMSO. Antibodies were obtained from the following commercial sources: caspase 9 (Ca# 9502), cleaved PARP (Ca# 9541), IRE1α (Cat# 3294), PERK (Cat# 3192), eIF2α (Cat# 5234), phospho-eIF2α (Cat# 3398), BiP GRP78 (Ca# 3177), CHOP (Cat# 2895), p38 MAPK (Ca# 9212), phospho-p38 MAPK (Ca# 4511), phospho-SAPK/JNK (Ca# 4668), caspase 3 (Ca# 9662), BCL-2 (Ca# 2872), Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA); ATF6 (Cat# 73500), BioAcademia (Osaka, Japan); puromycin (Ca# MABE343), cylophilin D (Ca# AP1035), MERCK Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany); phospho-IRE1α (Cat# NBP2-50067), Novus Biologicals (Littleton, CO, USA); cytochrome c (Ca# 556433), BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA); β-actin (Cat# A5441, Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany)). Secondary, peroxidase-conjugated antibodies were purchased from Dianova (Hamburg, Germany). All other chemicals of analytical grade were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich or Roth.
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