HIV antigens were covalently conjugated to polystyrene beads (Bio-Rad), and the binding of IgG to the bead-conjugated HIV-1 antigens in RM plasma samples was measured (33 (link)). The antigens used for the assay have been described previously (30 (link)). Purified IgG from pooled plasma of HIV-1-vaccinated macaques (RIVIG) was used as a positive control.
Polystyrene beads
Manufactured by Bio-Rad
Sourced in United States
Polystyrene beads are a type of laboratory equipment commonly used in various research and diagnostic applications. These spherical particles are made of polystyrene, a synthetic polymer material. Polystyrene beads are available in a range of sizes and can be used for purposes such as cell culture, immunoassays, and particle synthesis.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
4 protocols using polystyrene beads
1
Measuring IgG Binding to HIV Antigens
2
Islet Perifusion with LM Extract
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Batches of 40 or 50 islets from GK or W rat were layered between polystyrene beads (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA) and were perifused continuously using a peristaltic pump (Ismatec SA, Zurich, Switzerland) in a perifusion chamber. KRB buffer with 3.3 mM glucose was perifused during the first 20 min (−20 to min 0), to establish the basal insulin secretion rate then, the buffer was changed to KRB 3.3 mM glucose plus LM extract (10 mg/mL), from time 0 to 14 min, and to KRB 16.7 mM glucose plus LM extract (10 mg/mL), from time 16 to 30 min; finally, KRB buffer was switched back to 3.3 mM glucose without LM extract, for the last 20 min [25 (link)]. Perifusion buffer fractions were collected every second minute for insulin quantification by RIA assay. The AUC in presence of LM was calculated for periods of LM treatment in low glucose, period 0 to 14 min and high glucose, period 16 to 30 min, subtracting the basal value at the beginning of each treatment and was compared to AUC of the same periods of untreated islets [22 (link)].
3
HIV-1 Binding Antibody Multiplex Assay
4
Insulin Secretion Kinetics under AC
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To explore the effect of AC on kinetics of insulin release, batches of 40 or 50 isolated W and GK rat islets were layered between polystyrene beads (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA) in a perifusion chamber, and KRB buffer was perifused continuously using a peristaltic pump (Ismatec SA, Zurich, Switzerland). To establish the basal insulin secretion rate, islets were perifused with 3.3 mM glucose in KRB for 20 min (−20 to min 0). The KRB buffer content was then changed to 3.3 mM glucose plus AC (20 mg/mL), from time 0 to 14 min; to 16.7 mM glucose plus AC (20 mg/mL), from time 16 to 30 min; and to 3.3 mM glucose without AC, for the last 20 min [28 (link)]. Perifusion buffer was collected every 2 min and stored at −20 °C for later insulin determination by RIA. The AUC in presence of AC was calculated subtracting the basal value at the beginning of each treatment; for low glucose, time 0 (period 0 to 14 min) and for high glucose, time 16 (period 16 to 30 min) and compared to same periods of untreated islets.
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