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9 protocols using anti lag 3

1

Assessing T-cell Responses to Pancreatic Cancer Cells

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CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were magnetically sorted (CD4 Microbeads Human; #130-045-101 and CD8 Microbeads Human; #130-045-201; Miltenyi Biotech), stained with 5 µM CFSE (#V12883; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and incubated with mitomycin c-treated PDAC cell lines in U-bottom 96 well plates for 4 days. Allogeneic mature DCs were used as positive controls. Where indicated, purified endotoxin-free anti-MHC class I (clone W6/32; #311428; BioLegend), anti-MHC class II (clone TÜ39; #555556; BD Bioscience, Chicago, IL, USA), anti-LAG-3 (clone 17B4; Novus Biologicals; #NBP1-97657), anti-PD-L1 (clone 29E.2A3; #329716; BioLegend) or a combination of anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies were added at 10 μg/mL. The results are expressed as proliferation index, determined by dividing the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CFSE in T-cells alone by the MFI of the T-cells in the co-cultures. Supernatants were collected for the assessment of IFN-γ and granzyme B by ELISA. Cells were stained with fluorochrome-labeled anti-CD4 (#317422; BioLegend), anti-CD8 (#300918; BioLegend) and anti-perforin (#353305; BioLegend) and processed for flow cytometry.
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2

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry of Immune Cells

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Mouse isolated T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry (CytoFLEX, Beckman Coulter, Lakeview Indianapolis, IA) for expression of GFP following pMIGII viral transduction or by staining with Alexa Fluor 647 anti-mouse CD64 (FcγRI) (X54–5/7.1, BioLegend), Brilliant Violet 421 or APC or PE anti-human CD64 (10.1, BioLegend), FITC-anti-human CD3 (UCH1, BioLegend), Brilliant Violet 421-anti-CD4 (RPA-T4), APC–anti-CD8 (RPA-T8), PE-anti-γδ-TCR (BioLegend, #331209), anti–PD-1 (BioLegend, #329924), anti–LAG-3 (BioLegend, #369208), anti-Tim3 (BioLegend, 345016). Intracellular staining of FcRγ was performed using Milli mark anti-FcεRI γ subunit -FITC (Merck, FCABS400F). Datasets were analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star, version 10.7.2).
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3

Comprehensive Immune Profiling of Tumor Samples

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Samples were obtained from blood, spleen, or tumors, as indicated. Tumor samples were weighed after harvest and digested/dissociated, and total cells were counted. Excess surface marker antibodies were mixed with cells and incubated at 4°C for 30 min. After treatment with the Cyto-Fast™ Fix/Perm Buffer Set (Biolegend 426803) or Foxp3/Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Set (Invitrogen 00-5523-00), intracellular markers or Nucleoprotein were stained with the corresponding antibodies. The panel included the following reagents: Zombie NIR™ Fixable Viability Kit, anti-CD45 (Biolegend 103128), anti-CD3 (Biolegend 100203) anti-CD4 (Biolegend 100539), anti-CD8a (Biolegend 100711), anti-CD100 (BD 745346), IgG2a,κ Isotype Control (BD 563236), anti-CD11B (Biolegend 101255), anti-F4/80 (Biolegend 123135), anti-CD11C (Biolegend 117317), anti-CD86 (Biolegend 105037), and anti-CD206 (Biolegend 141706), anti-PD-1 (Biolegend 135227), anti-LAG-3 (Biolegend 125209), anti-TIM-3 (Biolegend 119717), anti-TIGIT (Biolegend 142111).
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4

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis

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Flow cytometry analysis was performed on FACS CantoII (BD, Biosciences, USA) or Novo Cyte 2060R (Agilent, USA) and analyzed by FlowJo 10.4 software. The antibodies used in this study were purchased from Biolegend, USA, including anti-CD19 (Clone HIB19a), anti-CD3 (Clone HIT3a), antiCD107a (Clone H4A3), anti-CD4 (Clone RPA-T4), anti-CD8 (Clone SK1), anti-CD25 (Clone BC96), Anti-CD69 (Clone FN50), Anti-LAG3 (Clone 11C3C65), Anti-TIM3 (Clone F38-2E2), Anti-PD-1 (Clone EH12.2H7). Additionally, anti-BCL-XL (Cell Signaling Technology, USA), anti-His-tag mAb (MBL, China), and Annexin V (Biolegend, USA) were used in this study.
For cell surface markers detection, cells were collected and washed with PBS once. Subsequently, the cells were incubated with antibody for 30 min at 4 °C in the dark, followed by a single wash prior to analysis.
The absolute cell count was analyzed by flow cytometry using CountBright Absolute Counting Beads (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). To detect cell apoptosis, Annexin V and PI were used according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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5

Immune Checkpoint Blockade Assay

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For the blockade of immune checkpoints in cytotoxicity and CD107b mobilisation assays the following antibodies were used: anti-IgG1, anti-IgG2, anti-PD1, anti-TIGIT, anti-LAG3, anti-TIM3 and anti-BTLA (all BioLegend). Anti-NKG2A antibodies were developed using a plant manufacturing system (57 ). All antibodies were used at final concentrations of 5µg/ml.
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6

Characterizing Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells

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CD8 + T cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were isolated using flow cytometry-assisted cell sorting. The purity of the sorted cells was >95 %. To detect cytokine production, lymphocytes were stimulated for 2 h in the presence of a cell-stimulating mixture (eBioscience, USA, 00-4975-93) and then stained with the surface markers anti-LAG-3 (BioLegend, USA, Cat. No. 125214) and anti-PD-1 (BioLegend, Cat. No. 135206), and CTLA4 (BioLegend, Cat. No. 106308) at a 1:100 dilution in PBS containing 1 % FBS. Following a 30 min incubation on ice, a cell fixation/permeabilization kit (BD Biosciences, USA, Cat. No. 554714) and a transcription factor fixation/permeabilization buffer (BioLegend, Cat. No. 424401) were employed for intracellular cytokine and nuclear transcription factor labeling, respectively. Anti-IFN-γ (BioLegend, USA, Cat. No. 505810), anti-TNF-α (BioLegend, Cat. No. 506306), and anti-TOX (Miltenyi Biotec, Germany, Cat. No. 130-120-337) were diluted 1:50 in permeabilization buffer and incubated overnight at 4 °C in the presence of Anti-IFN-γ and anti-TNF-α(BioLegend, USA). FlowJo software (Tree Star, USA) was used to analyze FACSCelesta (BD, USA) flow cytometry data. All analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 8 (GraphPad Software, USA) and t-tests. P < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.
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7

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling in Tumor Samples

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Fresh tumor and spleen samples were minced, treated with 200 U/ml Collagenase I (Cat#ST2294, Beyotime Biotechnology), and filtered with a 100 μm filter to make a suspension of single cells. 2 × 106 (link) Cells were stained at 100 μl in PBS. Single-cell suspension is stained with the following antibodies: Live/Dead Fixable Violet Dead Cell (Cat# 2549272, Invitrogen), anti-CD3 (Cat# 100236, Biolegend), anti-CD4 (Cat# 100406; 100408, Biolegend), anti-CD8 (Cat# 100706, Biolegend), anti-Ki67 (Cat# 652425, Biolegend), anti-IFN-γ (Cat# 505860, Biolegend), anti-Perforin (Cat# 154306, Biolegend), anti-Foxp3 (Cat# 126404, Biolegend), anti-CD11b (Cat# 101212, Biolegend), anti-CD11c (Cat# 117352, Biolegend), anti-Gr-1(Cat# 108406, Biolegend), anti-TIM-3(Cat# 119727, Biolegend), anti-LAG-3 (Cat# 125241, Biolegend) and anti-PD-1 (Cat# 135227, Biolegend). Surface antigens were detected by NovoCyte Quanteon (Agilent) after staining with antibodies for 30 minutes in the dark. To detect intracellular cytokines, the samples were fixed with Fixation/Permeabilization Solution KiT (Cat# 554714, BD Biosciences) and incubated with intracellular antibodies for 30 minutes before running the machine. Datas were analyzed by NovoExpress.
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8

Comprehensive immune cell profiling by flow cytometry

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BMMCs were incubated with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies and analyzed on a Cytek Aurora flow cytometer. BUV395-, BUV496-, BUV563-, BUV805-, BV421-, BV510-, BV650-, BV785-, FITC-, SparkBlue-, BB700-, BB790-, PE-, PE-CF594-, PE-Cy7-, A647-, A700-, and APC-Vio770-conjugated mouse anti-human mAbs included anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD14, anti-CD16, anti-CD25, anti-CD45RO, anti-CD68, anti–PD-1 (all from BD Biosciences), anti-CD45RA, anti-CD57, anti-CD86, anti-CD127, anti-CCR7, anti-FOXP3, anti–HLA-DR, anti–LAG-3 (all from BioLegend), anti-CD8 and anti-CD56 (Miltenyi Biotec), anti-TIM-3 (R&D Systems), and SYTOX Blue/viability (Thermo Fisher). Gates were set for collection and analysis of ≥50,000 live events. Data analysis, including t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding plot generation, was performed using FlowJo software (FlowJo LLC).
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9

Phenotypic Characterization of Lymphocytes

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Cells isolated from spleens and graft-draining axillary and brachial lymph nodes (dLN) were stained with anti-CD4 (BD Biosciences), anti-CD8 (Invitrogen) and anti-Thy1.1 (BD Biosciences). For phenotypic analysis cells were also surface-stained with anti-PD-1 (BioLegend), anti-2B4 (BD Biosciences or eBioSciences), anti-Thy1.1 (BD Biosciences), anti-LAG-3 (BioLegend), anti-CD127 (BioLegend), anti-KLRG-1 (eBioSciences), anti-CD44 (BioLegend or BD Biosciences), and anti-CD48 (BioLegend). Absolute numbers of lymphocytes from the spleen and draining lymph nodes were calculated using a Cellometer Auto T4 Cell Viability Counter (Nexcelom) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Samples were analyzed on an LSRII flow cytometer (BD Biosciences). Data was analyzed using FlowJo 9 software (Treestar, San Carlos, CA) and Prism 6 software (GraphPad Software Inc.). For intracellular cytokine staining, lymphocytes were restimulated ex vivo with 1 μg/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (Sigma Life Sciences) and 1 μg/mL ionomycin (Sigma Life Sciences) where indicated, in the presence of 1 μg/mL Brefeldin A (BD Biosciences) for 4 hours. The Fix/Perm intracellular staining kit (BD Pharmingen) was used to detect IL-2 (BD Biosciences), TNF (BioLegend), and IFN-γ (BD Biosciences), according to manufacturer’s instructions.
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