Bcatm protein assay kit

Total proteins from the colons of mice in each group were extracted with RIPA lysis buffer containing protease inhibitor (Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Shanghai, China). Total proteins were determined using the BCA^TM protein assay kit (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China). IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in colon tissue were measured by ELISA kits (cat number: E-EL-M0049 for TNF-α, cat number: E-EL-M0044 for IL-6, cat number: E-EL-M0037 forIL-1β, Elabscience, Wuhan, China ), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

1 × 10⁸ algae cells were collected by centrifugation and frozen in liquid nitrogen immediately. 50 μL lysis buffer (50 mmol/L Tris pH 6.8, 2% SDS) was used to suspend the frozen pellets, and incubated at room temperature for 30 min. Soluble fraction was collected by centrifugation (14,000 rpm) for 30 min at 4 °C. Protein concentration was detected according the guideline of the BCA^TM Protein Assay Kit (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China). The total protein with same content was transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA) membrane by wet transfer apparatus (Bio-Rad, California, USA). The antibody against LHCX was obtained from Prof. Wenda Wang (Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences).