Bs70000

PO (156124) and febuxostat (FEB) (SML1285) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The primary antibodies used in the present study were purchased from Bioworld Technology (Nanjing, China) and were as follows: rabbit anti-collagen 3A1, rabbit anti-α-SMA, rabbit anti-fibronectin, rabbit anti-vimentin, rabbit anti-E-cadherin, rabbit anti-NLRP3, rabbit anti-ASC, rabbit anti-caspase-1, rabbit anti-IL-1β, rabbit anti-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and rabbit anti-TGFβ1 (BS7028, BS70000, BS90514, BS1491, BS1098, BS90948, BS6205, BS5641, AP0063, BS72410,BS91338). The assay kits for UA (ab65344), creatinine (ab65340), xanthine oxidase (XOD) (ab102522), IL-1β (ab197742), and IL-18 (ab216165) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The PrimeScript™ RT Master mix was obtained from Takara (Takara, Japan) and the FastStart Universal SYBR Green master mix was obtained from Roche (Basel, Switzerland).

The primary antibody against α-SMA (BS70000, Bioworld Technology, Inc., USA) and FAP (ab53066, Abcam, USA) were used. MSCs were incubated with the primary antibodies at 4°C overnight and followed by Cy3-conjugated anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (Invitrogen, USA). Finally, the cells were then stained with Hoechst33342 for nuclear staining, and the images were acquired with a microscope (Olympus, Japan).