Data were analyzed with the independent t test for continuous variables and the χ2 test for categorical variables. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was confirmed for all patients. Allelic frequencies were estimated by the allele counting method. The χ2 test was used (1) to compare genotype and allele frequencies and (2) to compare the differences in prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms by the PON1 192Q/R genotypes: RR versus QR, RR versus QQ and QR versus QQ. Further on, the χ2 test was applied to evaluate the differences in prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in PWD by the PON1 192Q/R allele status (QR or RR, QQ) and among dementia subtypes (AD and mixed dementia). All analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software version 15.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA). A two-sided p value of <0.05 was considered significant.
Spss statistical software version 15
Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States
SPSS Statistics is a software package used for interactive, or batched, statistical analysis. It is a comprehensive and flexible statistical analysis and data management system. SPSS Statistics version 15.0 provides the core functionality for statistical analysis.
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Lab products found in correlation
45 protocols using spss statistical software version 15
1
PON1 192Q/R Genotypes and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms
2
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 15.0 (SPSS, System for Windows, Chicago, USA). Data are presented as number (%) and mean ± standard deviation (SD). For comparing groups, we used independent samples t-test for continuous variable and χ2 test for categorical variables. All P-values were two-tailed, and a P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
3
Statistical Analysis of Non-Normal Data
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Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normal assumption of quantitative data. All quantitative data in this study was non-normal distribution data, and was presented as median (interquartile range). All qualitative data was presented as number (percentage). Statistical differences between two groups were tested using Chi-square test for qualitative data, and Mann Whitney test for non-normal distribution quantitative data. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. Area under receiver-operator curve (AUROC) was used to calculate the diagnostic accuracy, and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for relevant cut-off was displayed [20 (link)]. The optimal cut-off was calculated by maximizing Youden index (sensitivity+specificity-1). All tests were two-sided and used a significance level of 0.05. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS statistical software version 15.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illinois, USA) and MedCalc Statistical Software version 16.1 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium).
4
Clinicopathological Differences in Response
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To determine differences in clinicopathological features between response and non-response patients, Student t-test was used to compare means of continuous variables, and Chi-square or 2-sided Fisher exact test were chosen for categorical variables.
Statistical significance of differences in transcript levels was assessed using the non-parametric T-test (Mann Whitney).
Data analyses were carried out with the SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Sample size was calculated to obtain a power of 0.8.
Statistical significance of differences in transcript levels was assessed using the non-parametric T-test (Mann Whitney).
Data analyses were carried out with the SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Sample size was calculated to obtain a power of 0.8.
5
Statistical Analysis of Research Data
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Data for each variable were analyzed descriptively using SPSS statistical software Version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
6
Survival Analysis of FENDRR and FOXF1 Gene Expression
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Student t-test was used to compare means of continuous variables, and Chi-square or 2-sided Fisher exact test were chosen for categorical variables. Correlations of gene expression levels with factors were performed using two-sample Welch or Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Data analyses were carried out with the SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and R. Using Anderson-Darling normality test implemented in the “nortest” R package we determined that FENDERR and FOXF1 datasets, are normaly distributed.
For survival analysis, high or low expression of FENDRR and FOXF1 was established for each patient if their expression levels were higher or lower than the median, respectively. Overall survival of patients with high and low expression was then compared using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test.
Relative risks and their 95% CI were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression.
For survival analysis, high or low expression of FENDRR and FOXF1 was established for each patient if their expression levels were higher or lower than the median, respectively. Overall survival of patients with high and low expression was then compared using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test.
Relative risks and their 95% CI were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression.
7
Evaluating Colonoscopy Referral Accuracy
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Finally, we performed a post hoc analysis of our model to determine if its diagnostic accuracy was modified on the basis of the healthcare level referring the patient for colonoscopy: primary versus secondary healthcare. In order to perform this analysis we grouped derivation and validation cohorts and we compared discriminatory ability with ROC curves, AUC, and sensitivity and specificity with the Chi-square test.
We report differences with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). A p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Analysis was carried out using SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and EPIDAT 3.1 (Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Santiago de Compostela, Spain).
We report differences with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). A p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Analysis was carried out using SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and EPIDAT 3.1 (Dirección Xeral de Saúde Pública, Santiago de Compostela, Spain).
8
Noninvasive Fibrosis Scores in HBeAg-negative Chronic Hepatitis B
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Normality tests of all data were performed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The baseline characteristics of patients are presented as follows: normal distribution data as mean ± standard deviation, nonnormal distribution continuous data as median (interquartile range), and categorical variables as number (percentage). The correlations between noninvasive fibrosis scores (APRI or FIB-4) and METAVIR fibrosis scores were analyzed using Spearman test. ROC curve analysis was performed for APRI and FIB-4, respectively, to identify significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in HBeAg-negative CHB patients with ALT ≤ 2 ULN. Three sets of cut-offs were calculated as follows: obtaining a sensitivity of at least 90%, obtaining a specificity of at least 90%, or maximizing Youden index (sensitivity + specificity − 1). All significance tests were 2-tailed, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS statistical software version 15.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL) and MedCalc Statistical Software version 16.1 (MedCalc Software bvba, Ostend, Belgium).
9
Analyzing MIR-Variant Associations Across Countries
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Associations between the MIRs and variants among countries were analysed by linear regression as described previously.7 (link) R2 changes and analysis of variance were analysed using SPSS statistical software version 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). P values <0.05 of two-sided tests were considered statistically significant. Scatter plots were generated via Microsoft Excel 2010.
10
Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
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Data have been presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as proportions for categorical variables. For continuous data, statistical differences were evaluated using a Student’s t test, or alternatively a Mann-Whitney U test for cases in which the assumptions of the Student’s t test were not satisfied. For categorical data, the chi-square test was used. All correlations were analyzed using a Spearman’s rank correlation test. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software, version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
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