α tubulin tuba

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology

Sourced in United States

α-tubulin (TUBA) is a core component of microtubules, which are essential cytoskeletal structures in eukaryotic cells. This protein plays a critical role in cellular processes such as cell division, intracellular transport, and the maintenance of cell shape and structure.

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3 protocols using α tubulin tuba

Osthole Signaling Pathway Regulation

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Osthole (catalog number: O9265) was purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Osthole was dissolved in DMSO to prepare a chemical stock for treatment. Antibodies against phosphorylated Akt (Ser⁴⁷³, catalog number: 4060), P70S6K (Thr⁴²¹/Ser⁴²⁴, catalog number: 9204), S6 (Ser²³⁵/Ser²³⁶, catalog number: 2211), ERK1/2 (Thr²⁰²/Tyr²⁰⁴, catalog number: 9101), p90RSK (Thr⁵⁷³, catalog number: 9346), JNK (Thr¹⁸³/Tyr¹⁸⁵, catalog number: 4668), total Akt (catalog number: 9272), P70S6K (catalog number: 9202), S6 (catalog number: 2217), ERK1/2 (catalog number: 4695), p90RSK (catalog number: 9335), JNK (catalog number: 9252), IRE1α (catalog number: 3294), eIF2α (catalog number: 5324), Bak (catalog number: 12105S), and Bax (catalog number: 2772) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Bcl-xL, p-Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9 were also purchased from cell Signaling Technology. Antibodies against GRP78 (catalog number: sc-13968), ATF6 α (catalog number: sc-166659), and α-tubulin (TUBA, catalog number: sc-32293) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Inhibitors of ERK1/2 (U0126, catalog number: E1282) and JNK (SP600125, catalog number: E1305) were purchased from Enzo Life Sciences, Inc (Farmingdale, NY, USA), and a PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY294002, catalog number: 9901) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.

Park W., Park S., Song G, & Lim W. (2019). Inhibitory Effects of Osthole on Human Breast Cancer Cell Progression via Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and ER Stress. Nutrients, 11(11), 2777.

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Investigating Cellular Signaling Pathways

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4-Methylumbelliferone was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (catalog number: M1381; St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against phosphorylated AKT (Ser⁴⁷³, catalog number: 4060), S6 (Ser^235/236, catalog number: 2211), ERK1/2 (Thr²⁰²/Tyr²⁰⁴, catalog number: 9101), P38 (Thr¹⁸⁰/Tyr¹⁸², catalog number: 4511), and JNK (Thr¹⁸³/Tyr¹⁸⁵, catalog number: 4668) and for total AKT (catalog number: 9272), S6 (catalog number: 2217), ERK1/2 (catalog number: 4695), P38 (catalog number: 9212), and JNK (catalog number: 9252) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against ATF6α (catalog number: sc-166659), GRP78 (catalog number: sc-13968), GADD153 (catalog number: sc-7351), and α-tubulin (TUBA, catalog number: sc-32293) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 (catalog number: 9901) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. The ERK1/2 inhibitor U-0126 (catalog number: BML-EI282), the P38 inhibitor SB203580 (catalog number: BML-EI286), and the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (catalog number: BML-EI305) were purchased from Enzo Life Sciences, Inc. (Farmingdale, NY, USA).

An G., Park S., Lee M., Lim W, & Song G. (2020). Antiproliferative Effect of 4-Methylumbelliferone in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells Is Mediated by Disruption of Intracellular Homeostasis and Regulation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK Signaling. Pharmaceutics, 12(7), 640.

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Quantitative Western Blotting of Cell Signaling Proteins

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Total protein lysates were prepared in RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitor and 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT). Proteins were size-separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane (Invitrogen). For Western blot analysis, primary antibodies were used that recognized HuR (1:1000), CCNA2 (1:1000), SIRT1 (1:1000), α-tubulin (TUBA, 1:2000), HSP90 (1:20 000) (all from Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and CCND1 (1:2000; from Cell Signaling). After incubation with appropriate secondary antibodies, protein signals were developed using chemiluminescence.

Kim J., Abdelmohsen K., Yang X., De S., Grammatikakis I., Noh J.H, & Gorospe M. (2016). LncRNA OIP5-AS1/cyrano sponges RNA-binding protein HuR. Nucleic Acids Research, 44(5), 2378-2392.

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