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Nuclear cytosol fractionation kit

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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The Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit is a laboratory tool used to separate cellular components, specifically the nucleus and cytosol, for analysis. The kit provides a standardized process to extract and isolate these subcellular fractions from cell samples.

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11 protocols using nuclear cytosol fractionation kit

1

Comprehensive Analysis of RNA Extraction and Quantification in Osteosarcoma

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Total RNA extraction was performed with the TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) from certain clinical tumor samples or osteosarcoma cells according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The extraction of cytoplasmic RNA and nuclear RNA from OS cells were performed using the Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The RNA samples were stored at -80 ?. The PrimeScript RT reagent kit (TaKaRa Bio Inc., Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan) and SYBR Premix Ex Taq II (TaKaRa Bio Inc., Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan) were used to analyze the mRNA and circRNA levels. The β-actin expression level was considered the reference standard against which the mRNA and circRNA levels were compared. The expression of circRNA and mRNA levels were calculated by using the 2-∆∆Ct method. Nuclear circRNA expression was normalized against U6 expression. Primer sequences are shown in Supplementary Table 1.
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2

Nuclear-Cytosolic Fractionation and lncRNA Analysis

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According to the method of a report (Lin H. et al., 2020 (link)) and the instructions of the nuclear/cytosol fractionation kit (Invitrogen), the cells were isolated. Briefly, 106 cells were mixed with 300 μL cell disruption buffer, incubated on ice for 10 min, and centrifuged for 3 min. The supernatant was cytosol, and the precipitate was the nuclei. The supernatant was aspirated into RNase-free tubes and placed on ice to perform RNA extraction immediately. Subsequently, lncRNA GAS5 in the nucleus and cytoplasm was detected using RT-qPCR.
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3

Lung Protein Expression Analysis

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Lung homogenate proteins were isolated using a Nuclear/Cytosol fractionation kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc, Bartlesville, OK, USA). Equal amounts of lysate protein were separated by 8–15% SDS-PAGE and transferred to PVDF membranes. Membranes were blocked in 5% skim milk. They were then incubated with primary antibodies against Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., TX, USA.), Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) (GeneTex, Inc. CA, USA.), c-Myc, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), survivin, p21, HIF-1α, VEGF, Bcl2, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), ERK1/2, β-catenin, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), or β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA) at a 1:1,000 dilution at 4 °C overnight. Target proteins were detected using the enhanced chemiluminescence method (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Signal detection was performed using ImageQuant LAS 500 Imaging System (GE Healthcare, Life Sciences, Korea). Collagenolytic activities in serum were measured by gelatin zymography. The gels were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 and then destained with methanol-acetic acid-water.
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4

Evaluating NF-κB Activation After Menthol Exposure

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24 h after menthol aerosol exposure in the VITROCELL® cloud chamber, cells in transwells were lysed using RIPA buffer. To evaluate NF-κB activation, nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of cell suspensions were isolated after treatment using the Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit (Thermo Fischer Scientific). Western blotting was performed as previously described (Nair et al., 2014 (link)). Lysates were vortexed every 15 min for 1 h, centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 10 min at 4°C, quantified using the Pierce BCA assay kit (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts). Lysates were mixed with Laemmli buffer (1:4), 20 μg of protein/gel lane were separated using SDS gel electrophoresis (100 V for 2 h), and then transferred to a PVDF membrane (BioRad, Carlsbad, CA) by wet electroblotting. The membrane was blocked (5% milk in TBST buffer x 45 min) and incubated overnight at 4°C with antibodies against TRPM8 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA), SOD2 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA), or β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA). Membranes were washed for 30 min in TBST, incubated in secondary antibody for 2 h, then developed using immunoblot reagent (Bio ad, Hercules, California ) in a ChemiDoc™ Imaging ystems (Bio ad, Hercules, California ).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of API5 Localization

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A total of 5 × 105 cells were used as described previously [18 (link), 19 (link)]. Equal amounts of nuclear protein and cytosol protein were solubilized in Laemmli buffer (62.5 mM Tris/HCL pH 6.8, 10% glycerol, 2% SDS, 5% mercaptoethanol and 0.00625% bromophenol blue), boiled for 5 min, and then separated by 12% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were probed with primary antibodies of API5 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO; clone# 1C2, 1:250) or GAPDH (Chemicon International, Temecula, CA; clone no. 6C5, 1:5000) in Tris-buffered saline (TBS)-T containing 5% BSA (Sigma-Aldrich) at 4°C overnight, followed by 3 washes in TBST, 5 min per wash. The membranes were incubated with the appropriate secondary antibodies for 1 hr at room temperature. Immunoreactive bands were visualized by an enhanced chemiluminescence reaction (ECL, Elpis Biotech, Daejeon, Korea). To observe the cellular localization of API5, HeLa cells were subjected to fractionation using a commercial kit (Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit, Thermo scientific, Rockford, IL) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
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6

Western Blot Protein Quantification

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HBVSMCs or cerebrovascular tissues were lysed using RIPA buffer (Beyotime) containing 1% protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Merck). Nuclear proteins were extracted using a Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The protein concentration of each sample was determined using a bicinchoninic acid kit (BioRad). Equal amounts of protein were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) on 8–10% gels and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore). The membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat milk powder in TBST consisting of 10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% Tween-20 (pH 7.6) and incubated with the appropriate antibodies at 4 °C overnight. Afterwards, the blots were visualized with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies followed detection with a chemiluminescence system (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Image quantification was performed using ImageJ software.
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7

Murine Neutrophil Protein Phosphorylation

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Protein expression and phosphorylation of target proteins were analyzed by western blotting. Murine neutrophils were stimulated at an MOI of 1:1 with fungal particles. Following incubation for 30 min at 37°C, cells were lysed with RIPA buffer (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) or a nuclear/cytosol fractionation kit (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). All lysis buffers contain final 2.5mM Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1x protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Basel, Switzerland) and 1x phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). A total of 40 μg lysate was loaded on 4–12% SDS-PAGE gels (Invitrogen) and transferred to 0.2 μm PVDF membranes (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Protein lysates were equally loaded, and expression of each target protein and its phosphorylated form was measured by GelDoc imaging system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and analyzed in ImageJ (NIH). Results are expressed in arbitrary units (a.u), which is a relative number for phospho-form of the target protein compared to the total expression of the target protein, normalizing using the unstimulated WT negative control as 1.
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8

Quantifying lncRNA MEG3 Subcellular Localization

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A nuclear/cytosol fractionation kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was used in this assay. The RNA level of lncRNA MEG3 in the cytoplasm and nucleus was assessed by RT-qPCR with GAPDH as a positive control for cytoplasmic RNA and U6 for nuclear RNA.
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Lung Proteins

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Lung homogenate proteins were isolated using a Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Bartlesville, OK, USA). Protein concentrations were determined by performing bicinchoninic acid assays. Equal amounts of proteins were separated by 10%–15% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). After blocking with 5% skim milk, the membrane was incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies against nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), the inhibitor of NF-κB, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factorerythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), β-actin, and histone H3 (Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Danvers, MA, USA). After incubation with a secondary antibody for 2 hours, target proteins were detected using the enhanced chemiluminescence method (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Signals were detected using the ImageQuant LAS 500 Imaging System (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Seoul, Korea).
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10

Western Blot Protein Analysis

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Total cellular protein in cell lysates and proteins in the prestained Protein Ladder (Thermo Fisher Scientific) were separated by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. After blocking with 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in Tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween 20 for 1 h at room temperature, the membranes were incubated with different primary antibodies. For details, see Supplementary Table S1. Next, the membranes were washed and incubated with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies. The Nuclear/Cytosol Fractionation Kit (Thermo Fisher, USA) was used according to the manufacturer’s protocol. In some instances, during the extraction of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, the proteins were visualized using electrochemiluminescence (ECL) western blotting reagent (Thermo Pierce).
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