Hei vap core

l-lactide (120.0 g, 832.6 mmol), N-bromosuccinimide (164.0 g, 921.4 mmol), and dichloromethane (600 mL) were added into a 1 L three-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stirring bar, septum stoppers, and a reflux condenser. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80 °C with continuous stirring, benzoyl peroxide (4.020 g, 16.60 mmol) in a 60 mL dichloromethane was then gradually added to the mixture solution. The mixture continued to be heated under reflux at 80 °C for 72 h and allowed to cool to room temperature. The precipitate was filtered off through the filter paper several times until a clear filtrate was obtained. The filtrate was then vacuum dried using a rotary evaporator (Heidolph, Hei-VAP Core, Schwabach, Germany) to yield a yellow solid residue. The yellow solid was dissolved in a 450 mL dichloromethane before pouring into a separatory funnel and washing with 0.2 M sodium bisulfite three times (3 × 1000 mL) and once (900 mL) with saturated sodium chloride. Subsequently, the organic layer was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain a pale yellow needle-like crystal. The Br-LA product was then purified by recrystallization from the mixture of dichloromethane and n-hexane (1:1), filtered off, and vacuum dried at room temperature.

Curcumin solid dispersions (CUR-SD) were prepared by the solvent evaporation method [9 (link),41 ]. From curcumin and hydrophilic polymer (Eudragit^® EPO) at w/w ratios of 1:3, 1:5, 1:6, and 1:8. Briefly, curcumin (1 g) was dissolved in ethanol (500 mL), and the required weight of Eudragit^® EPO was added with stirring until completely dissolved. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation (Hei-VAP Core, Heidolph Instruments GmbH, Schwabach, Germany) at 40 °C, and the resulting solid dispersion was dried under reduced pressure at 40 °C for 4–8 h. The dried samples of CUR-SD were pulverized using a glass mortar and pestle and sieved to obtain a 50–250 µm particle size fraction. Physical mixtures (CUR-PM) of curcumin and hydrophilic polymers were prepared at the same weight ratio as CUR-SDs by grinding in a mortar and pestle, followed by sieving to obtain a 50–250 µm particle size fraction. The CUR-SD and CUR-PM preparations were stored at room temperature in air-tight containers and protected from light until further use.

Liposomes were synthesized by the hydration of the lipid bilayer method [36 (link)]. For this, 100 mg of soy lecithin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was dissolved in 10 mL of chloroform. The resulting solution was left in a rotary evaporator (Hei-VAP Core, Heidolph, Schwabach, Germany) at 45 °C, 150 RPM, and vacuum for 1 h. Then, 20 mL of PBS (1X) were added and left in the rotary evaporator for one h (55 °C, 150 RPM, and no vacuum). Lastly, the liposomes solution was collected and filtered three times with a 0.22 μm filter (Sartorius, Goettingen, Germany). Liposomes were stored at 4 °C until further use. The magnetoliposomes were synthesized by mixing magnetite/silver-pDMAEMA-PEA-BUFII nanobioconjugates suspended in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Gibco, Dublin, Ireland) at 50 μg/mL with 0.1 mg/mL liposomes in PBS (1X) at a 1:1 volume ratio. The synthesized liposomes were characterized with the aid of DLS in a Zeta-Sizer Nano-ZS (Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK) and (TEM) Tecnai F30 (FEI Company, Fremont, CA, USA) at a resolution of 134 eV and with reference energy of 5.9 keV.