Models s48

An incision was made through the biceps femoris muscle in the left hindlimb and a nerve cuff made of platinum iridium wire (Medwire-Sigmund Chon 10Ir9/49T, Mt. Vernon, NY, USA) and silastic tubing was placed around the common peroneal nerve (13 (link), 26 (link), 27 (link)). The proximal end of the nerve cuff was run subcutaneously to the dorsal cervical region and connected to a stimulator and stimulus isolation unit (Models S48 and SIU5, respectively, Grass Technologies, West Warwick, RI, USA). No less than 21 days after implanting the stimulating nerve cuff, TA muscle EMG electrodes to record M-waves were then implanted in the anesthetized mouse (13 (link), 26 (link), 27 (link)). Briefly, deinsulated ends of two platinum iridium wires, offset by ~2 mm, were routed underneath the superficial fascial sheath of the TA muscle. The electrode wire spacing theoretically permitted sampling of EMG activity from the full thickness of the TA muscle beneath the electrodes (27 (link), 28 ). The wires were secured to adjacent tissue and the proximal ends of the wires were run subcutaneously to the dorsal cervical region and connected to an EMG amplifier (Model P55, Grass Technologies). In vivo muscle testing with simultaneous M-wave measurements were initiated no less than 14 days after the EMG wire implantation.