The design of SUGAR-MGH has been previously described in detail [16 (link)]. In brief, 1000 participants in SUGAR-MGH were enrolled at three Boston academic medical centres between 2008 and 2015. Participants were preferentially included in the study if they had risk factors for type 2 diabetes (i.e. metabolic syndrome, obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome, history of gestational diabetes, positive family history) or lifestyle-controlled type 2 diabetes; some participants had previously unknown diabetes, diagnosed at the time of study entry. All participants were naïve to metformin and glipizide. Participants received a single 5-mg dose of glipizide if fasting blood glucose was >4.4 mmol/l. This safety threshold was chosen to minimize the risk of hypoglycaemia. Glucose and insulin levels were measured at baseline, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min. Plasma glucose was measured by hexokinase assay (Roche, Indianapolis, IN, USA), and insulin was determined using a radioimmunoassay (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA, USA). The glipizide challenge was aborted if a participant developed neuroglycopenic symptoms or blood glucose of <2.8 mmol/l with or without symptoms.
Hexokinase assay
Manufactured by Roche
Sourced in United States
The Hexokinase assay is a laboratory equipment used to measure the activity of the enzyme hexokinase. Hexokinase is an important enzyme involved in the initial step of glycolysis, the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into energy. The assay provides a quantitative assessment of hexokinase activity, which can be useful in various research and diagnostic applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using hexokinase assay
1
Glipizide Glucose-Insulin Dynamics in Diabetes
2
Metabolic Biomarker Assessment Protocol
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A medical history was obtained by the consenting practitioner from all participants; and weight, height, blood pressure, and heart rate were measured at each visit to the CRC. Plasma glucose was measured by a hexokinase assay (Roche, Indianapolis, IN). Insulin level was determined using a radioimmunoassay (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA). The intra-assay coefficient of variability (CV) for the insulin assay was 2.2–4.4% and the interassay CV was 2.9–6.0%. C-peptide was measured by radioimmunoassay (KPED1; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany); glucagon was measured by radioimmunoassay (LINCOplex Kit, HENDO-65K-Rev; Linco Research, St. Charles, MO). The CV of the glucagon assay was 10.9–13.3%. Incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP) were measured from blood samples collected in prechilled EDTA tubes containing DPP-IV inhibitor (Millipore, Billerica, MA). Active GLP-1 (7–36,7–37) was measured using the GLP-1 (Active) ELISA Kit (Millipore); total GLP-1 was measured using the GLP-1 (7–36,9–36) ELISA kit from Alpco Immunoassays (Salem, NH); and GIP was measured by using the Human GIP Total ELISA Kit from Millipore.
3
Biochemical Assays and Analyses in NHANES
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All the biochemical assays were carried out during a health examination in the MEC (32) . Serum TAG concentrations were measured enzymatically after hydrolysation to glycerol (Hitachi) (33) . HDL levels from 2001 to 2002 were measured using two methodsheparin manganese precipitation and a direct HDL immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics) (34) . After 2002, all HDL samples were measured using the direct HDL immunoassay method (34) . A quality control analysis carried out by the NHANES laboratory showed a difference in average HDLcholesterol levels across age, sex and race/ethnicity groups (34) ; therefore, samples from 2001 to 2008 NHANES data sets used the corrected HDL values as outlined in the NHANES documentation (34) . Fasting glucose levels were analysed using a hexokinase assay (Roche Diagnostics) (35) . Please see the aforementioned corresponding original references for interassay coefficients and other details of the experiments.
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