Tyrosine

Jinhua hams were secured from Jinzi Ham Food Company (Jinhua, Zhejiang, China). Hemin was purchased from Wako Chemicals USA (Richmond, VA, USA). o-Phthalaldehyde (OPA, 99% purity) and tyrosine (≥99%) were secured from J&K Scientific (Beijing, China). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was sourced from Coolaber Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Ferrozine (98% purity) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Solarbio Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Aprotinin (titer > 3 TIU/mg) and bacitracin (titer > 60 Units/mg) were bought from Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). BHT (>99% purity), lysozyme (≥20,000 U/mg), and formic acid (≥98%, HPLC) were acquired from Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ferric-reducing antioxidant power kits, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS⁺) radical scavenging capacity kits, and glutathione (GSH) were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Hydroxyl and superoxide anion-free radical scavenging activity kits were sourced from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Other analytical-grade reagents were purchased from Mall-bio-Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Phe-Ser-Gly-Leu (98% purity) was synthesized by Qiangyao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China).

Febuxostat, allopurinol, topiroxostat, adenosine, guanosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hyprate, uridine and D-ribose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Forodesine was purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA). 2-Deoxy-D-glucose was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). Glutamine and inosine were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Glutamate, aspartate, asparagine, serine, glycine, alanine, arginine, lysine, valine, histidine, methionine, tyrosine and leucine were purchased from J&K Scientific (Shanghai, China).