Pd325901

The following antibodies were used: Col1a2 (14695), FN1 (15613) and GAPDH (10494) from ProteinTech (USA); MMP-9 (AF909, R&D); MMP-10 (NB100–92182, Novus); p-FAK (Y397, ab39967), LOX (ab174316) and Paxillin (ab32084) from Abcam; p-Erk1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204, 4377), p-Src (Y416, 2101), AlexaFluor goat anti-rabbit IgG (594 conjugate, 8889) and sheep anti-rabbit HRP-linked IgG (7074) from Cell Signaling. Reagents included β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), PKH26 Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Mini Kit (Sigma), PD-325901 (MedChem Express), Hydroxyproline Detection Kit (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute), Rat tail collagen (Invitrogen), Cell counting Kit-8 (Dojindo) and Matrigel matrix (BD).

The pCAX APP Swe/Ind plasmid was from Addgene, Beijing, China (plasmid # 30145). Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM), FBS, Lipofectamine 2000, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and Aβ₄₂ ELISA kit were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Mdivi‐1, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay kit, and anti‐β‐actin primary antibody were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Caspase‐3 colorimetric assay kit was purchased from BioVision (Milpitas, CA, USA). β‐Secretase and γ‐secretase activity assay kits were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Anti‐BACE1, anti‐phospho‐Drp1 (Ser616), anti‐phospho‐Drp1 (Ser637), anti‐ERK1/2, and anti‐phospho‐ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti‐Drp1, secondary anti‐mouse and anti‐rabbit antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti‐Mfn1, anti‐Mfn2, and anti‐HIF‐1α were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). CM‐H2DCFDA, 5, 5′, 6, MitoSOX™ Red, 6′‐tetrachloro‐1,1′,3,3′‐tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbocyanine iodide (JC‐1), and MitoTracker Red were purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). ERK1/2 inhibitor PD325901 was provided by MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). Enhanced chemiluminescence reagents were purchased from Amersham Pharmacia Biotech (Piscataway, NJ, USA).