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Cx50 ultrasound system

Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in United States, France

The CX50 ultrasound system is a portable medical imaging device designed for use in various clinical settings. It is capable of performing real-time, high-quality ultrasound imaging to support medical professionals in their diagnostic and monitoring tasks.

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17 protocols using cx50 ultrasound system

1

Transthoracic Echocardiography Protocol

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A conventional TTE was performed using a Philips CX50 ultrasound system
(Phillips, Amsterdam, Netherlands) in accordance with the American Society of
Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging13 (link) recommendations. Measurements were performed by two operators (LF and IP)
and analyzed by a single operator (LF) who was blind to the hemodynamic data.
Acquisitions were individually optimized for depth, gain and frame rate to
maximize image quality and minimize inconsistency in acoustic windows.
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2

Venous Flow Dynamics in Compression Tights

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Markers of venous return were measured at the popliteal and common femoral veins via Doppler ultrasound. The ultrasound examinations were performed using a CX50 Ultrasound System (Philips, USA), L12-3 MHz linear transducer and venous presets. Flow studies were performed by a single experience sonographer in a temperature-controlled (22 °C) environment. All measurements were obtained in a supine position and conducted as previously described9 (link). Briefly, the common femoral veins were examined 2 cm above the saphenofemoral junction, with the compression garments turned down slightly to gain access. The popliteal veins were examined at the level of the knee crease. Prior to participants’ wearing compression tights, a small incision was made in the garment at the knee crease to create a window for the transducer to access the popliteal vein. Pilot data confirmed that the pressure of the compression tights was not altered by the small incision. The inner vessel transverse cross-sectional area (CSA; cm2), time-averaged mean blood flow velocity (Vmean; cm/s) and time-averaged peak blood flow velocity (Vpeak; cm/s) measurements for popliteal and common femoral veins were obtained for at each time point (Fig. 4).
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3

Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment and Echocardiography

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We measured the systolic blood pressure (SAP), diastolic blood pressure (DAP), and MAP using an invasive arterial catheter.
Echocardiography (using a CX50 ultrasound system and S5-1 Sector Array Ultrasound Probe Transducer, Philips Medical Systems®, Suresnes, France) was performed by a physician who was blinded to the study outcomes. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured using Simpson’s biplane method with a four-chamber view. The indexed stroke volume (SVi; ml) was calculated by multiplying the left ventricular outflow tract’s (LVOT’s) velocity time integral (VTI) by the aortic area and dividing by body surface area (BSA). The cardiac index (CI) was calculated as SVi × HR.
The respiratory SVV was calculated as (SVmax − SVmin)/[(SVmax + SVmin)/2] × 100.
Mean echocardiographic parameters were calculated from five individual beat measurements (regardless of the respiratory cycle) and analyzed retrospectively by a senior cardiologist with echocardiography certification.
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4

Splenic Biometry via Portable Ultrasound

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A portable Phillips CX50 Ultrasound System (Phillips Healthcare, Andover, MA, USA) equipped with an S5-1 phased array probe (1–5 MHz) and a C5-1 curvilinear probe (1–5 MHz) was used to acquire sonographic measurements of the spleen. Splenic biometry, as described by Dittrich et al.,26 (link) was carried out in the right-recumbent position, where the organ was measured in three dimensions (L=length, D=depth, B=breadth). Spleen volume was then calculated using the formula for volume determination of an ellipsoid. SV=L*B*{(DL+DB)/2}*0.523[cm3] Sonographic measurements were obtained at admission and 24 hours by the study author, SK. Measurements were recorded and processed using standardized pre-set software. All images were digitally recorded in DICOM loops and still frames, and stored for review by a second reviewer, CM.
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5

Comprehensive Cardiovascular Assessment via Multimodal Imaging

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Carotid-femoral PWV was determined by applanation tonometry of the right carotid and femoral artery pulsations using a SphygmoCor system (AtCor Medical, Inc., Lisle, IL, USA) as described previously. Brachial artery reactivity testing for measurement of FMD was performed using the lower-arm occlusion technique, a linear array vascular ultrasound transducer (L12-3), and a Phillips Cx50 ultrasound system as described previously [25 (link),26 (link)]. The right and left carotid arteries were imaged using a Siemens S2000 ultrasound system with a 9L4 transducer as described previously. Carotid plaques were defined as a discrete, focal wall thickening ≥1.5 cm or focal thickening at least 50% greater than the surrounding IMT and summed to create a score of 0–12 [25 (link),26 (link)].
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6

Cardiac Structure and Function Assessment

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Echocardiography was performed by a well-trained cardiac sonographer using a CX50 ultrasound system (Philips Medical Systems, Andover, Massachusetts, USA). The participants were placed in the partial left decubitus position, and a 1–5-MHz cardiac transducer (S5-1; Phillips Medical Systems) was used for cardiac ultrasound. Cardiac structure and function parameters assessed included LVEF, aortic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, interventricular septum thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left atrial end-systolic diameter, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, right atrial end-systolic diameter, and pulmonary artery diameter.
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7

Lung Ultrasound for Extubation Readiness

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LUS was performed using the Philips CX50 ultrasound system (Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, WA, USA) with a 3.5 MHz convex probe at a depth of 15–18 cm adjusted to the patient's chest wall thickness. The LUS was performed by an investigator (J.H.) who was trained in a standard protocol recommended by the international guideline (14 (link)). All patients were examined with LUS immediately before extubation in a semi-recumbent position and without the support of any positive pressure on a T-piece. B-lines were measured by scanning eight regions of the thorax in a longitudinal plane between two ribs with a distance of adjacent two B-lines <7 mm (14 (link), 15 (link)). B-lines were defined as linear, vertical hyperechoic artifacts that start from the pleura moving synchronously with respiration. Each hemithorax was divided into upper and lower regions, which were further divided into medial and lateral regions by the anterior axillary line. The scanned images were independently adjudicated by two investigators (J.H. and A.K.) who were blinded to the clinical information. A positive region was defined as the presence of three or more B-line count in each area scanned. A positive LUS examination was defined as having two or more positive regions in both hemithoraces.
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8

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Function

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Transthoracic echocardiography (with the CX50 ultrasound system and an S5–1 Sector Array Transducer, Philips Medical System, Suresnes, France) was performed by a physician blinded to the study outcomes. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-systolic volume (ESV), and end-diastolic volume (EDV) were measured using Simpson’s method on a four-chamber view. The aortic velocity-time integral (VTIAo), pre-ejection time and systolic time were measured by pulsed Doppler at the left ventricular outflow tract on a five-chamber view. Stroke volume (SV; mL) was calculated as VTIAo×SAo, and was expressed as indexed SV (SVi) = SV/body surface area (ml.m− 2). Cardiac output (CO) was calculated as SV × heart rate (HR), and was expressed as indexed CO (CI) = CO/ body surface area (ml min− 1 m− 2). Mean echocardiographic parameters were calculated from five measurements (regardless of the respiratory cycle) and analysed retrospectively.
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9

Extracranial Carotid Artery Sonography

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Extracranial high-resolution sonography of the carotid arteries was performed with Philips iU22 and 9–3 MHz linear array transducer. Two patients were examined at the intensive care unit with a portable Phillips CX50 ultrasound system and 12–3 MHz linear array transducer (both systems Philips Medical Systems, Bothell, WA, USA). Patients and controls were examined by two sonographers (AF, UWA), which both are trained and certified for the NOR-SYS duplex sonography research protocol in collaboration with the Vascular Imaging Centre, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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10

Transthoracic Echocardiography for Cardiac Assessment

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Transthoracic echocardiography (with the CX50 ultrasound system and an S5-1 Sector Array Transducer, Philips Medical System, Suresnes, France) was performed by a physician who was blinded to the study outcomes. The left ventricular ejection fraction was measured using Simpson’s biplane method with a four-chamber view. The aortic surface area (SAo, in cm2) was calculated as π×(diameter of the left ventricular outflow tract)2/4. The aortic velocity-time integral (VTIAo), was measured with pulsed Doppler at the LVOT on a five-chamber view. The SV (mL) was calculated as VTIAo×SAo. Cardiac output (CO) was calculated as SV×heart rate (HR) (ml min-1) and was expressed as an indexed CI, i.e. CO/body surface area (ml min-1 m2). Mean echocardiographic parameters were calculated from five measurements (regardless of the respiratory cycle) and analysed off lines.
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