Meliodent

Manufactured by Kulzer

Sourced in Germany

Meliodent is a dental lab equipment product developed by Kulzer. It is a material used for the fabrication of dental prosthetics. The core function of Meliodent is to provide a solution for dental laboratories in the production of dental devices.

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Lab products found in correlation

Programat s1, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Periotest, by Siemens (1 mentions)

11 protocols using meliodent

Implant-Retained Mandibular Prosthesis Fabrication

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An implant-level impression was created using the closed impression technique with polyvinylsiloxane impression material (Affinis light body; Coltene/Whaledent AG). Upon removal of the impression, 2 implant analogues (Xive) were placed into the replicas in the impression, and the impression was filled with type IV dental stone (GC Fujirock EP; GC Dental, Tokyo, Japan) to obtain a working cast.
Three attachment types were used to retain the mandibular prosthesis.
1) Screw-retained abutments (Xive) were screwed to the analogues; and a two-implant retained bar was fabricated, screwed to the implants, and attached to the 3 MCDs with autopolymerizing acrylic resin (Meliodent; Kulzer GmbH, Hanau, Germany) after removal of adequate acrylic using a round bur (#140. 277. 040; Acurata Imperial, Thurmansbang, Germany).
2) Ball abutments (Xive) were screwed to the implants and attached to the remaining 3 MCDs with auto polymerizing acrylic resin (Meliodent; Kulzer GmbH) after removal of adequate acrylic using a round bur (#140. 277. 040).
3) A new set of screw-retained abutments (Xive) was added to the implants, and a 6-unit, anterior, metal fused to porcelain fixed bridge with extra coronal precision attachments and a bilateral distal extension RPD (Fig. 3) were fabricated38 . Bilateral extracoronal precision attachments were used (Vario Soft 3; Bredent GmbH & Co.KG, Senden, Germany).

Arat Bilhan S., Geckili O., Cilingir A., Bozdag E, & Bilhan H. (2019). Evaluation of two interforaminal implants and implant-assisted removable dentures on stress distribution: an in vitro study. Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 45(4), 199-206.

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Dentin Bonding Adhesive Performance

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The University Institutional Review Board (Project No: D-DA 17/10) approved the study. Forty-eight extracted anonymous human molar teeth without decay, and previous restorations were used. These teeth had been extracted due to orthodontic treatment. The teeth were stored for 1 month in distilled water at 37°C in glass containers and then scaled and washed out before preparations.
The teeth were embedded in acrylic resin (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Germany) after cutting off the roots with a diamond bur under running water. The mesial and distal enamel surfaces of the teeth were removed with a low-speed diamond disc in a hard tissue-sectioning machine (Labcut Extec Corp., Enfield, CT, USA) under water cooling to expose a flat dentin surfaces. To create proper smear layer, the dentin surfaces were abraded with 600-grit silicon carbide abrasive paper for 20 s.[15 (link)] The surfaces were then rinsed with distilled water and air-dried before adhesive applications.
The teeth were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 12) with respect to operators with different experience levels: Group 1: restorative dentistry specialist with 13 years' experience, Group 2: restorative dentistry specialist with 6 years' experience, Group 3: postgraduate operator with 2 years' experience, and Group 4: undergraduate student with 1-year experience and familiar with the adhesive systems.

Arhun N., Kalender B., Tuncer D., Berkmen B, & Celik C. (2020). Influence of operator experience on bond strength of different adhesives to dentin. Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD, 23(1), 32-35.

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Nondestructive Testing of Lumbar Implants

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At the twelfth week, the lumbar implants were harvested (n = 3 in each group) and fixed by two specially designed mild steel cylinder connectors with dental cement (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, USA) onto an MTS 858 material testing machine (858 Mini-Bionix II, MTS, USA) (Fig. 8A). Nondestructive testing was performed under a 200-N axial load and 15-N·m torsional load^{38 (link),43 (link)}. The measured parameters from the machine were collected, and the axial and torsional stiffnesses were calculated by relevant software (MTS).

Wang F., Wang L., Feng Y., Yang X., Ma Z., Shi L., Ma X., Wang J., Ma T., Yang Z., Wen X., Zhang Y, & Lei W. (2018). Evaluation of an artificial vertebral body fabricated by a tantalum-coated porous titanium scaffold for lumbar vertebral defect repair in rabbits. Scientific Reports, 8, 8927.

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Fabrication of Implant Overdenture Attachments

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For making the bars, castable rotating abutments (108 BFT, Rhein Srl 83) were screwed into the implants. Regular plastic bar (048.460, Straumann AG) for metal clips, plastic bar pattern (Preci-Horix, Alphadent NV) for plastic clips, and castable presectioned bar containing balls (150BPN, Rhein 83Srl) for ball on bar were fitted between the two abutments and 1 cm length at the distal of the abutments as the cantilever (for balls on bar groups) with Pattern resin (GC America, Alsip, IL). Superstructures were invested and casted (Degobond 4, DeguDent, Hanau, Germany). The castings were divested, finished, and transferred to the model. Locators, retentive anchors, Sphero block abutments, and/or bars systems were screwed into the implants and their counterparts attachments were positioned on them with the spacers. The method for making overdenture base and special acrylic housing for incorporating each attachments have been previously described and validated in our pervious article.[2 (link)] Three withdrawal hooks were attached to the overdenture base (one in the anterior and two in the first molar areas) with autopolymerizing acrylic resin (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) [Figure 3].

Nejatidanesh F., Savabi O., Savabi G, & Razavi M. (2021). How the initial retentive force of implant-supported overdentures can be affected with splinted and unsplinted attachments systems. Dental Research Journal, 18, 101.

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Fabrication of Identical Zirconia Dental Specimens

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Sixty identical zirconia specimens (Yeti-Dental, Digital Line, Germany) were fabricated using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology (Wieland Dental, Zenotec Select, Germany). The specimens were designed to be identical to a natural-size crown and to simulate the contour of the buccal surface of the lower second premolar with a stump base. The specimens underwent sintering for 9 h in a zirconia-sintering furnace (Programat S1, Ivoclar Vivadent), with temperature reaching 1500°C, for 2 h. A glaze layer (Glasur, Degudent) was applied to all the specimens and fired for 15 min in a ceramic furnace (ProFire 2 Press, Degudent). One specimen was mounted in a stone base, simulating its position in the oral cavity, and three industrial silicon molds (Catasil 21; Vertex, Switzerland) were made for this specimen. Each specimen was placed in its proper indentation in the mold, and chemical-cured acrylic resin (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Germany) was then poured to fill the mold. This procedure was repeated to obtain 60 identical specimens. All the specimens were bonded with stainless steel Discovery brackets #790-123-00 (Dentaurum GmbH, Ispringen, Germany) for a lower second premolar with a laser-structured base. The average surface area of the bonded bracket was 13.42 mm².[15 (link)]

Amer J.Y, & Rayyan M.M. (2018). Effect of different surface treatments and bonding modalities on the shear bond strength between metallic orthodontic brackets and glazed monolithic zirconia crowns. Journal of Orthodontic Science, 7, 23.

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Dental Implant Histological Analysis

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Extracted specimens were kept in a glutaraldehyde solution for 6 h. Embedded in series of graded alcohol, they were dehydrated and mounted precisely in a self-cured transparent acrylic resin (Meliodent; Heraeus kulzer, Berkshire, UK). Ground sections were then prepared, using Microtome (Accutom-50, Stuers, Copenhagen, Denmark). Sections were made along implants’ frontal axis and in mesiodistal dimension with approximate 250–350 μm thickness. The specimens were then thinned to 100-150 μm using an abrasive. Following immersion of the specimens in glutaraldehyde (24 h), graded alcohol (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90, and 100% concentrations; each for 2 h) and Eksikator including calcium and chlorine and covering the specimens with gold, the specimens were studied under electron microscope. Micrographs were provided with ×50, ×200 and ×1600 magnification (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) from mesial and distal (4 micrographs altogether).

Rismanchian M., Raji S.H., Razavi S.M., Rick D.T, & Davoudi A. (2017). Application of Orthodontic Immediate Force on Dental Implants: Histomorphologic and Histomorphometric Assessment. Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery, 7(1), 11-17.

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Fabrication of Overdenture Housing

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A prototype was fabricated over the anterior part of the framework on the test cast using light-polymerized custom tray material (Megatray, Megadenta Dentalprodukte, Radeberg, Germany). Three rectangular stop points were formed in its inferior surface. The prototype was placed in a denture duplicating flask, containing C-silicone putty material (Zetaflow Putty, Zermack, Badia Polesine, Italy). After setting of the material, the flask was opened and the prototype was taken out. Clear heat-polymerized acrylic resin (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Senden, Germany) was poured into the flask in order to prepare an overdenture housing by duplicating the prototype. The flask was submerged in warm water for 60 minutes. Finally, the overdenture housing was fabricated as such and adapted on both the framework and test cast. It was connected to the framework with clear self-polymerized acrylic resin. Thus, the framework and overdenture housing acted as a unit named overdenture.

Tabatabaian F., Saboury A., Sobhani Z.S, & Petropoulos V.C. (2014). The Effect of Inter-Implant Distance on Retention and Resistance to Dislodging Forces for Mandibular Implant-Tissue-Supported Overdentures. Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 11(5), 506-515.

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Denture Base Material Evaluation

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One PMMA (Meliodent; Heraeus-Kulzer GmbH, Wehrheim,
Germany) and one polyamide resin (Deflex; Nuxen SRL, Buenos
Aires, Argentina) were selected. E-glass fibers (PA2(D);
Şişecam, İstanbul, Turkey) were added to reinforce of polyamide
resin. Three groups were determined according to
denture base materials as PMMA (H), polyamide resin (P) and
glass fiber reinforced polyamide resin (R).

Unver S, & Yildirim A.Z. (2021). Evaluation of flexural properties and dynamic mechanical analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polyamide resin. European Oral Research, 55(3), 116-123.

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Zirconia Specimen Preparation Protocol

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Thirty-five (13 mm × 7.5 mm × 2.5 mm) specimens were milled from pre-sintered zirconia blocks (ICE Zirkon, Zirkonzahn, Bruneck, Italy) by using Zirkograph 025 ECO (Zirkonzahn, Bruneck, Italy). The specimens were sintered at 1500 °C for 8 h in a high-temperature sintering furnace for zirconia (Zirkonofen 600/V2, Zirkonzahn, Bruneck, Italy). The final dimensions of the specimens were 10 mm ± 0.4 mm × 5 mm ± 0.4 mm × 2 mm ± 0.3 mm following 20% volumetric shrinkage associated with the sintering. Each specimen was embedded in an autopolymerizing acrylic resin block (Meliodent; Heraeus Kulzer, Armonk, NY) and ground-finished with 600-, 800-, 1000- and 1200-grit silicon carbide abrasives (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN) under running water on a polishing machine (Metkon Gripo 2V, Bursa, Turkey). All specimens were ultrasonically cleaned in distilled water for 15 min before application of surface treatments and then air dried.

Tanış M.Ç., Akay C, & Karakış D. (2015). Resin cementation of zirconia ceramics with different bonding agents. Biotechnology, Biotechnological Equipment, 29(2), 363-367.

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Simulating Natural Tooth Mobility in Vitro

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Fifty teeth, freshly extracted due to periodontal reasons, were selected for this study. They were caries-free human mandibular first molars of similar dimensions. Calculus and soft-tissue remnants were removed using a periodontal scaler. The teeth were cleaned using a rubber cup and fine pumice-water slurry, examined to detect any pre-existing defects, and stored in distilled water at room temperature. Roots of teeth were covered with a 0.2-mm layer of polyether impression material (Impregum Garant L DuoSoft, 3M ESPE AG, Seefeld, Germany) to simulate the periodontal ligament (PDL) and embedded in an auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (Meliodent, Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) up to 2 mm below the cementoenamel junction 23) (Fig. 1). Artificial tooth mobility was evaluated in the horizontal and vertical dimensions using a Periotest instrument (Periotest, Siemens AG, Bensheim, Germany). Periotest value of the embedded teeth was standardized at a value ≤+7 to simulate the natural dentition 24) .

Saridag S., Sari T., Ozyesil A.G, & Ari Aydinbelge H. (2015). Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with ceramic inlays and different base materials. Dental materials journal, 34(2).

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