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20 protocols using pyridine

1

Metabolomic Analysis of LPS-Treated Cells

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LPS (Escherichia coli serotype0111:B4), heptadecanoic acid (purity ≥98%), an internal standard (IS), and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (BSTFA+1% TMCS; v/v) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). O-Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (98.0% purity) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd (Beijing, China). Pyridine was obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Chromatographic-grade methanol was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Water was purchased from Hangzhou Wahaha Company (Hangzhou, China).
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2

Quantitative Analysis of DQ Standard

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DQ Standard (CAS: 18507-89-6, Purity ≥ 96.8%) was purchased from Dr. Ehrenstorfer DmbH. (Augsburg, Germany). Pyridine (CAS: 110-86-1 analytical grade) was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methanol and acetonitrile were HPLC grade and purchased from Merck Inc. (Fairfield, OH, USA). Analytically pure n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetic anhydride (CAS: 108-24-7), acetic acid (CAS: 64-19-7) and trichloromethane (CAS: 67-66-3) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water had a resistivity of 18.25 MΩ * cm (25 C) and used to be grade I water in accordance with the National Standard for Laboratory Water (GB6682-1992).
Organic section nylon needle filters (13 mm × 0.22 μm) were obtained from Shanghai Ampu Experimental Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). A chromatographic column (TG-5MS 30.0 m × 0.25 μm × 0.25 mm) was acquired from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA). The chromatographic column StrataTM-X (60 mg/3 mL, tubes) was acquired from Phenomenex. (Torrance, CA, USA); the extraction column Cleanert PEP (60 mg/3 mL, 50/pkg) was procured from Agilent Technologies. (Beijing, China). The Waters Oasis HLB extraction column (60 mg, 3 mL) was procured from Waters. (Milford, MA, USA).
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3

Fatty Acid Quantification Protocol

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Tac was purchased from MedChemExpress (Shanghai, China). Heptadecanoic acid (purity: ≥98%; lot: SLBX4162), an internal standard (IS), and N,O-bis- (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide with 1% trimethylchlorosilane (BSTFA + 1% TMCS; v/v; lot: BCBZ4865) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). o-Methyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride (purity: 98.0%; lot: LG10T16) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Pyridine (lot: C10551455) was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Chromatographic-grade methanol was acquired from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA), and water from Hangzhou Wahaha Company (Hangzhou, China).
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4

Quantitative Metabolite Analysis Protocol

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MMF with purity of 99%, heptadecanoic acid (purity ≥ 98%), methanol (chromatographic grade), and pyridine were purchased from Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (purity ≥ 98%) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (containing 1% trimethylchlorosilane) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). The purified water was purchased from Wahaha (Hangzhou, China). RPMI medium was obtained from (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States).
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5

Quantitative Metabolomic Analysis of MTX

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MTX (purity 99%), heptadecanoic acid (purity ≥ 98%), methanol (chromatographic grade), and pyridine were purchased from Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (purity ≥ 98%) was obtained from J&K Scientific (Beijing, China). N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (containing 1% trimethylchlorosilane) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Purified water was purchased from Wahaha (Hangzhou, China). All experimental procedures were conducted in compliance with the Guidelines for the Use of Laboratory Animals, and approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Experimentation of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (approval number: 2022B070).
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6

Synthesis of Inorganic Nanostructures

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The chemicals and regents used were: Choline chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate, diethyl ether, iron chloride hexahydrate, ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid (98%), hydrochloric acid (36%), ammonium hydroxide solution, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China); sodium metavanadate, sodium molybdate dihydrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, anhydride, pyridine, and oleic acid (Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China); Tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and toluene (Tianjin Hengxing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China); lactic acid, and potassium bromide (Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagents Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China).
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7

Quantitative Metabolite Profiling Protocol

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High fructose was purchased from Jiangsu Synergy Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering Co. (Nanjing, China). N,O‐bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (with 1% trimethylchlorosilane; v/v; Lot No. B‐023) and heptadecanoic acid (as an internal standard, IS, purity ≥98%; Lot No. H3500) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (Saint Louis). O‐methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (purity: 98.0%; Lot No. 542171) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Pyridine (Lot No. C10486013) was obtained from Macklin Biochemical. (Shanghai, China). Chromatographic‐grade methanol was bought from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, USA). Pure water was obtained from Wahaha Company (Hangzhou, China).
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8

Metabolomic Analysis of Serum and Tissue

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A 100-μl volume of serum was mixed with 350 μl of methanol containing 100 μg/ml heptadecanoic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) as an internal standard; the mixture was vortexed and centrifuged at 14,000 × g for 10 min at 4 °C. The supernatant was transferred to a 2-ml tube and dried at 37 °C under a stream of nitrogen. An 80-μl volume of O-methyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride (J&K Scientific Industries, Ambala, India) dissolved in pyridine (Macklin Biochemical, Shanghai, China) was mixed with the extracts, followed by incubation for 90 min at 70 °C; 100 μl of N, O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% of trimethylchlorosilane (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to each sample, and the mixture was incubated at 70 °C for 60 min and analyzed by GC–MS.
Tissue samples (50 mg) were homogenized with 1 ml methanol (containing 1 mg/ml internal standard, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and transferred to 2-ml tubes that were centrifuged at 20,913 × g for 10 min at 4 °C. The rest of the procedure was the same as for serum samples.
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9

VPA Quantification via GC-MS

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VPA (purity≥98%) was obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Heptadecanoic acid (purity≥98%) was obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China) and was used as an internal standard (IS). O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (purity≥98%) was obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with trimethylchlorosilane (99% BSTFA + 1% TMCS) (v/v) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Methanol (chromatographic grade) and pyridine were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical (Shanghai, China). Water was purchased from Hangzhou Wahaha Company (Hangzhou, China).
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10

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Nanomaterials

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Paclitaxel, SA, MIF, DXM, pyridine, Na2CO3, paraformaldehyde, FITC, DAPI, Triton X‐100, MTT, and D‐luciferin potassium salt were all purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. All the solvents, including acetone, methanol, polyoxyethylene castor oil, ethanol, and DMSO were obtained from J&K Scientific Ltd, and used without further purification. DMEM, RPMI‐1640, FBS, and penicillin‐streptomycin solution were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies. MCF‐7, MDA‐MB‐231, and 4T1 cells were maintained in our laboratory.
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