The microelectode cell was illuminated in transmitted light configuration using an light-emitting diode light source (MCWHLP1, Thorlabs), a collimator (COP4-A, Thorlabs), and a diffuser. Imaging was done with a 10× finite-conjugate objective lens (Nikon 10×/0.25 160/−WD5.6) or a 4× finite-conjugate objective lens (Nikon 4×/0.25 160/−WD25) connected to a five-megapixel gray scale camera (MC050MG-SY, Ximea). Image length scale was calibrated using a calibration target (R1L3S2P, Thorlabs). Images were acquired using software provided by the camera manufacturer (xiCamTool 4.28, Ximea). In most experiments, images were acquired at 100 frames per second (fps) with averaging of five consecutive frames to reduce noise, resulting in final acquisition rate of 20 fps. The Rosensweig-like instabilities (Fig. 4, B and C ) were imaged at 5 fps with averaging five consecutive images, leading to 1 fps, and the control experiments in polar solvent (fig. S3) at 30 fps with no image averaging. Images used for the voltage-controlled magnetism analysis (Fig. 2G ) were acquired after 20 s stabilization at each voltage without averaging.
Mcwhlp1
Manufactured by Thorlabs
Sourced in United States, Switzerland
The MCWHLP1 is a white light source that provides a high-brightness, low-coherence, and uniform output over a wide spectral range. It is designed for applications that require a stable and consistent illumination source.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
R1l3s2p, by Thorlabs (1 mentions)
Emccd camera, by Teledyne (1 mentions)
D8 advance, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Inverted microscope, by Nikon (1 mentions)
Dc2200, by Thorlabs (1 mentions)
Mega 2560, by Arduino (1 mentions)
Uplansapo100 1.40 oil, by Olympus (1 mentions)
Matlab 2019b, by MathWorks (1 mentions)
Ixon ultra 888, by Oxford Instruments (1 mentions)
5 protocols using mcwhlp1
1
Imaging Rosensweig-like Instabilities
2
Spectroscopic Characterization of Perovskite Films
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Fluorescence and absorption spectra were recorded using a spectrograph and an EMCCD camera (Princeton Instruments, Trenton, NJ, USA; SpectraPro HRS-300, ProEM HS 1024BX3) with a 300 g/mm grating with a blaze of 500 nm. The samples were excited by a LED (Thorlabs, Newton, NH, USA; M385PLP1-C5, λ = 385 nm) for fluorescence measurements (0.55 mWcm−2, 1 min exposure) and by a white light LED (Thorlabs, Newton, NH, USA; MCWHLP1) for absorbance measurements (0.12 mWcm−2, 1 min exposure). Fluorescence lifetime measurements were performed with a laser diode of λ = 405 nm (PicoQuant, Berlin, Germany; LDH-D-C-405, PDL 800-D, Pico-Harp 300) and an avalanche photodiode (APD, Micro Photon Devices PDM, Bolzano, Italy). The repetition rate was 1 MHz, and the peak fluence per pulse was 1 nJcm−2. Samples were stored in the dark and under ambient conditions (20 °C, 35% relative humidity) in between measurements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed using a D8 Advance (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) operating at 40 kV and 30 mA using a copper radiation source (1.54060 Å). XRD measurements were taken from the drop cast perovskite films.
3
Photopic Stimulation of Photoreceptors
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A white mounted LED (MCWHLP1, Thorlabs Inc.) was used as a light source, and the stimuli were displayed using a Digital Mirror Device (DLP9500, Texas Instruments) and focused on the photoreceptors using standard optics and an inverted microscope (Nikon). The light level corresponded to photopic vision: and isomerisations / (photoreceptor. s) for S cones and M cones respectively.
4
Polarized Optical Microscopy and Dielectric Spectroscopy Protocol
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As shown in Fig. 4a , the green and blue LED sources were equipped with the polarised optical microscope. For GL irradiation (525 nm), light from the LED source was passed inside of the microscope via a silver mirror, reaching the LC sample mounted on the hot stage (HCS402+mk2000 equipped with LN2-PACD2, INSTEC). In the case of BL irradiation (415 nm), the silver mirror was removed and shined a light on the LC sample directly. Unless otherwise noted, polarised optical microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy were performed simultaneously under this irradiation setup. Polarised optical microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy under a magnetic field were carried out using room temperature bore superconducting magnet systems (9 Tesla, Cryogenic). The measurement system is shown in Supplementary Fig. 7a, b . For Polarised optical microscopy under a magnetic field, we used a handmade hot stage (ITO glass heater); measurement temperature was controlled using a regulated DC power supply (PA18-6A, Kenwood) and monitored via a handmade temperature monitor. For dielectric spectroscopy under a magnetic field, a LED driver (DC2200, Thorlabs) and a white LED (MCWHLP1, Thorlabs) as a back-light and a camera (Powerpack, Basler) for microscopy were used.
5
Multidimensional Imaging of Biological Specimens
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All images were acquired on an upright/inverted microscope (either a BX61, Olympus, Switzerland or Ti-U, Nikon), equipped with a fluorescence light source (either UHP-T-460-DI and UHP-T-560-DI, Prizmatix or LedHUB, Omicron Laserage Laserprodukt GmbH), a brightfield LED (either pE-100wht, Coolled or MCWHLP1, Thorlabs) and a camera (iXon Ultra 888, Andor Oxford Instruments or Prime95B, Photometrics). z-stacks were acquired using a piezo objective drive (either Nano-F100, Mad City Labs or MIPOS 100 SG, Piezosystems). For confocal imaging, a spinning disk unit (XLight V2, Crest) was attached to the Olympus microscope, with the fluorescence LEDs coupled into the system via a 5 mm liquid light guide (LLG). Image acquisition was controlled using custom-built MATLAB scripts (MATLAB 2019b, MathWorks) and custom-built microcontrollers (Arduino Mega 2560) for coordination of fluorescence and brightfield LEDs, piezo and camera.
Images were acquired using a 60× water immersion lens (CFI Plan Apo VC 60×C WI NA1.2, Nikon), a 60× oil immersion lens (UPlanAPO 60×/1.40 Oil, Olympus), a CFI Plan Apo Lambda 60× Oil NA1.4, Nikon) or a 100× oil immersion lens (UPlanSAPO 100×/1.40 Oil, Olympus). All images were acquired at 20±0.5°C, with temperature controlled by the room air conditioning system.
Images were acquired using a 60× water immersion lens (CFI Plan Apo VC 60×C WI NA1.2, Nikon), a 60× oil immersion lens (UPlanAPO 60×/1.40 Oil, Olympus), a CFI Plan Apo Lambda 60× Oil NA1.4, Nikon) or a 100× oil immersion lens (UPlanSAPO 100×/1.40 Oil, Olympus). All images were acquired at 20±0.5°C, with temperature controlled by the room air conditioning system.
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