Ribose

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Germany, Sao Tome and Principe

Ribose is a type of sugar molecule that is a key component of ribonucleic acid (RNA), which is essential for various biological processes. It serves as a building block for the genetic material and plays a crucial role in the production and regulation of proteins within cells.

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Lab products found in correlation

52 protocols using ribose

Glycated Collagen Hydrogel Formation

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Type I collagen was prepared as described previously ^{41 (link)}. Briefly, tendons from rat tails (BioIVT, Westbury, NY) were soaked in 0.1% acetic acid (Kodak, Rochester, NY) for at least 48 hours. The solution was then centrifuged for 90 minutes at 9000 RPM. The supernatant was then collected, frozen, and lyophilized. A stock collagen solution was then created by reconstituting the lyophilized collagen in 0.1% acetic acid at 15 mg/mL.
Pre-glycation was achieved by mixing stock collagen with ribose (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in 0.1% acetic acid to final ribose concentrations of 0, 125, 250, 375, or 500 mM. After mixing, these solutions were left at 4°C for up to 21 days. ribose was chosen as the reducing sugar for this study due to its higher efficiency in glycating collagen compared to other sugars, such as glucose ^{35 (link)}.
To form gels, pre-glycated and control collagen solutions were neutralized with 1X phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Corning cellgro, Manassas, VA), 10X PBS (Corning cellgro, Manassas, VA), and 1N NaOH (Avantor, Center Valley, PA).
These mixtures were then allowed to gel at 37°C before being prepared for FTIR and AGE fluorescence testing. For rheology testing, samples were immediately loaded onto the rheometer after mixing.

Diamantides N., Slyker L., Martin S., Rodriguez M.R, & Bonassar L.J. (2022). Pre-glycation Impairs Gelation of High Concentration Collagen Solutions. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A, 110(12), 1953-1963.

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Extraction and Analysis of Himalayan Plant Polysaccharides

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Roots of Mirabilis himalaica (Edgew) heim were purchased from Qinghai Tibetan hospital in Qinghai (batch number: 20161023; Xining, Qinghai province, China). Dextran standards (5800, 11 800, 47 300, 100 000, 380 000, and 788 000 Da) were acquired from Pharmacia Biotech (Uppsala, Sweden). Standard monosaccharides (glucose, d-glucosamine hydrochloride, mannose, rhamnose, ribose, galactose, fucose, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, d-galactosamine hydrochloride, xylose, fructose, arabinose, guluronic acid, mannuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid) were purchased from Sigma chemical. Dialysis membranes (size 36, MW_CO = 8–14 kDa) were purchased from Wako. Acetic acid, acetic anhydride, sodium borohydride, chloroform, NaOH powder, DMSO, iodomethane, formic acid, methanol, trifluoroacetic acid were all analytical reagents.

Bo S., Dan M., Han W., Ochir S., Bao L., Liu L., Muschin T, & Baigude H. (2022). Physicochemical properties, immunostimulatory and antioxidant activities of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Mirabilis himalaica (Edgew) Heim. RSC Advances, 12(27), 17264-17275.

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Characterization of Helvella leucopus

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The mature fruiting body samples were purchased in Bachu county, Xinjiang province, China and were identified by Guangdong Institute of Microbiology to be Helvella leucopus. Petroleum ether, anhydrous ethanol, and trichloromethane were procured from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Chemical Reagent Co., ltd., Beijing, China). The standards fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, and ribose were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). In addition, RNA-easy Isolation Reagent, HiScript III-RT SuperMix, and ChamQ Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix (Vazyme Biotech Co. ltd. Nanjing, Jiangsu, China) were used in this study.

Ge Y., Qiu H, & Zheng J. (2022). Physicochemical characteristics and anti-hyperlipidemic effect of polysaccharide from BaChu mushroom (Helvella leucopus). Food Chemistry: X, 15, 100443.

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Analytical Reference Compounds for Chromatography

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Analytical and chromatographic grade reference compounds were used for this study: Xylose, arabinose, glucose, ga lactose, xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, ribose, fructose, mannose, adonitol, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and maltitol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich GmbH (Steinheim, Germany). HPLC grade acetonitrile was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich GmbH (Steinheim, Germany), and purified deionized water (18.2 mW/cm) was produced using the Millipore (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) water purification system.

Vilkickyte G., Raudonis R., Motiekaityte V., Vainoriene R., Burdulis D., Viskelis J, & Raudone L. (2019). Composition of Sugars in Wild and Cultivated Lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.). Molecules, 24(23), 4225.

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Extraction and Characterization of Mulberry Polysaccharides

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Mulberries were supplied by a farm in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. MRS (de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe) medium and agar powder were purchased from Guangdong Huankai Microbial Sci. & Tech. Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China). IMO, GOS, β-mannanase (50 U/mg), rhamnose, arabinose, and mannose were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China). DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 were purchased from Shanghai Ryon Biological Technology Co., Ltd., (Shanghai, China) Ribose, xylose, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Fucose and galactose were purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and purchased from Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory (Guangzhou, China).

Li E., Yang S., Zou Y., Cheng W., Li B., Hu T., Li Q., Wang W., Liao S, & Pang D. (2019). Purification, Characterization, Prebiotic Preparations and Antioxidant Activity of Oligosaccharides from Mulberries. Molecules, 24(12), 2329.

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Nucleoside Binding Affinity to LF-rBmpD

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The binding of nucleosides to LF-rBmpD was monitored with MST (43 (link)). Adenosine, guanosine, inosine, xanthosine (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), and ribose (negative-control ligand; Sigma-Aldrich) were mixed with LF-rBmpD (final concentration, 500 nM) in a 24-point serial dilution. The concentration of the ligands ranged from 5 mM to 1.2 nM. Samples were filled into zero-background standard-treated capillaries (product number MO-AZ002; NanoTemper Technologies, Munich, Germany) and were measured with Monolith.NT115 LabelFree equipment (NanoTemper Technologies), using 60% light-emitting diode (LED) power and medium MST power. The data were analyzed by MO.Affinity Analysis software (NanoTemper Technologies) and GraphPad Prism (version 8.0; GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). No dissociation constants are displayed because results of only one experiment are shown.

Cuellar J., Åstrand M., Elovaara H., Pietikäinen A., Sirén S., Liljeblad A., Guédez G., Salminen T.A, & Hytönen J. (2020). Structural and Biomolecular Analyses of Borrelia burgdorferi BmpD Reveal a Substrate-Binding Protein of an ABC-Type Nucleoside Transporter Family. Infection and Immunity, 88(4), e00962-19.

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Comprehensive LC-MS Analytical Methodology

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LC-MS-grade acetonitrile and ammonium acetate, as well as NH₃, were obtained from VWR (Vienna, Austria). Analytical-grade acarbose, arabinose, erythritol, fructose, ga lactose, glucose, inositol, lactitol, lactose, maltitol, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, sucrose, xylitol, potassium chloride, ammonium iodide and potassium bromide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Schnelldorf, Germany). Erythrose, isomaltulose, lyxose, maltose, maltotriose, mannitol, mannose, sorbitol, sorbose, xylose, sodium nitrate and sodium sulfate were purchased from VWR (Vienna, Austria). LC-MS-grade water (< 0.055 µS cm⁻¹) from an ultrapure water purification system (Sartorius, Göttingen, Germany) was used for both elution and sample preparation. Food samples produced by various companies were obtained from local supermarkets. Sample matrices have been selected over a wide range of beverages and food to investigate the impact on sample preparation and robustness of the analytical method. Food and beverages were stored at the recommended temperature until analysis.

Pitsch J, & Weghuber J. (2019). Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography Coupled with Charged Aerosol Detection for Simultaneous Quantitation of Carbohydrates, Polyols and Ions in Food and Beverages. Molecules, 24(23), 4333.

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Characterization of EPS-Producing Lactiplantibacillus Strains from Nigerian Ogi

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Two EPS-producing LAB strains isolated from ogi (Nigerian indigenous fermented cereal gruel from yellow and white maize varieties) were identified according to their biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing as L. plantarum YO175 and L. plantarum OF101 (GenBank Accession numbers KU892395 and KU892393). DPPH, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, bovine serum albumin (BSA), phenol, concentrated sulfuric acid, methanol, ferric chloride, potassium ferric cyanide, pyrogallol, ascorbic acid, glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, fructose and ribose (Sigma Chemical Ltd., St. Louis, USA).

Adesulu-Dahunsi A.T., Jeyaram K., Sanni A.I, & Banwo K. (2018). Production of exopolysaccharide by strains of Lactobacillus plantarum YO175 and OF101 isolated from traditional fermented cereal beverage. PeerJ, 6, e5326.

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Cytokine-Induced Cellular Responses

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Cytokines IL1β, IFNγ and TNFα were obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Ribose, thapsigargin and 4-hydroxytamoxifen were from Sigma (St. Louis, MI, USA). Control Non-Targeting and ON-TARGETplus SMARTpool siRNAs and transfection reagent DharmaFECT3 were from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Lafayette, CO, USA).

Bensellam M., Chan J.Y., Lee K., Joglekar M.V., Hardikar A.A., Loudovaris T., Thomas H.E., Jonas J.C, & Laybutt D.R. (2019). Phlda3 regulates beta cell survival during stress. Scientific Reports, 9, 12827.

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Characterization of Extracellular Glycans

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Water, acetonitrile, alpha-modified minimum essential medium Eagle (α-MEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Rockford, IL, USA). Arabinose, fucose, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucose, glucuronic acid, mannose, rhamnose, ribose, xylose, dextran series and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Specific antibodies against NFATc1, c-Fos and β-actin as well as secondary antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).

Hwang Y.H., Lee A., Kim T., Jang S.A, & Ha H. (2021). Anti-Osteoporotic Effects of Commiphora Myrrha and Its Poly-Saccharide via Osteoclastogenesis Inhibition. Plants, 10(5), 945.

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