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Sz51 stereomicroscope

Manufactured by Olympus
Sourced in Japan

The SZ51 stereomicroscope is a compact and versatile optical instrument designed for a variety of laboratory applications. It features a binocular observation head, allowing users to view specimens with both eyes for improved depth perception and reduced fatigue. The microscope offers a magnification range from 6.7x to 45x, providing users with the flexibility to examine samples at different levels of detail. The SZ51 is equipped with a stable, ergonomic stand and focusing mechanism, enabling smooth and precise adjustments during observation.

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26 protocols using sz51 stereomicroscope

1

Evaluating Nematode Responses to Aerosol Exposures

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Age-synchronized L4 larva (30–60) on NMG plates with food were exposed to 30 puffs of air, ECIG aerosol, and conventional cigarette smoke, as described above. Movement and responsiveness to plate vibration were assessed hourly for 12 h using an Olympus SZ51 Stereo Microscope. Three biological replicates were conducted for each condition.
Pharyngeal pumping assay was performed to investigate if the nematodes had undergone stress-induced sleep. Age-synchronized L4 larva (30–361) on NMG plates with food were exposed to 30 puffs of air, ECIG aerosol, and conventional cigarette smoke, as described above. Animals were assessed for pharyngeal pumping and counted hourly for 5 h followed by assessment at 10 h using an Olympus SZ51 Stereo Microscope. Pharyngeal pumping assessment involved observing individuals for 1–3 s intervals and the presence of pumping was counted if rhythmic opening and closing of the pharyngeal intestinal valve was readily apparent within the 3 s interval. Three biological replicates were conducted for each exposure condition. Pharyngeal pumping activity was expressed as percent animals pumping for each time point. All values are presented as the mean ± SEM.
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2

Microscopic Visualization of Drosophila Phenotypes

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For observing extra sex comb phenotype, Olympus SZ51 stereomicroscope was used. To image the loss of abdominal pigmentation phenotype, male flies of the desired genotype were transferred to 70% ethanol to dehydrate. The dehydrated flies were dissected under Olympus SZ51 stereomicroscope on a dissection slide. The abdominal portion of the fly was isolated and rehydrated in water for 5–10 min. After rehydration, abdomens were mounted on a glass slide in Hoyer’s medium (Sullivan et al., 2000 (link)). A coverslip was placed over the specimen and was incubated at 65°C for 50 min. Images were acquired using Nikon C-DSS230 epifluorescent stereomicroscope at 3.5 × magnification. The same epifluorescent stereomicroscope was used for the selection of GFP negative embryos (to get homozygous ball2 mutant embryos) in experiments where immunostaining and real-time PCR analysis of embryos was performed. Imaging of embryos was done at 20 × magnification on Nikon C2 confocal microscope. NIS Elements image acquisition software was utilized for imaging and analysis. All larval dissections for polytene chromosomes were performed using LABOMED CZM6 stereo zoom microscope and Nikon C2 confocal microscope was used for imaging. All polytene chromosomes were visualized at 60 × magnification.
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3

Microscopic Analysis of Drosophila Phenotypes

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For observing extra sex comb phenotype, Olympus SZ51 stereomicroscope was used. For imaging loss of abdominal pigmentation phenotype, male flies of the desired genotype were transferred to 70% ethanol to dehydrate. The dehydrated flies were dissected under Olympus SZ51 stereomicroscope on a dissection slide. The abdominal portion of the fly was isolated and rehydrated in water for 5-10 minutes. After rehydration, abdomens were mounted on a glass slide in Hoyer's medium. A coverslip was placed over the specimen and was incubated at 65 o C for 50 minutes. The final imaging was done using Nikon C-DSS230 epifluorescent stereomicroscope at 3.5× magnification. The same epifluorescent stereomicroscope was used for the selection of GFP negative embryos (homozygous ball 2 mutant embryos) in experiments where immunostaining and real-time PCR analysis of embryos was performed.
Imaging of embryos was done at 20× magnification on Nikon C2 confocal microscope. NIS elements image acquisition software was utilized for imaging and analysis. All larval dissections for polytene chromosomes were performed using LABOMED CZM6 stereo zoom microscope and Nikon C2 confocal microscope was used for imaging. Zooming to 60× was used for visualization of polytene chromosomes. Table S1. List of peaks generated using ChIPseeker and presented along with their coordinates.
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4

Analyzing GUS Expression in Seeds

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The β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was measured as described previously [27 (link)] and used to analyze the expression of the M2H gene promoter. Seeds were placed in GUS staining solution containing 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.0), 0.5 mM potassium ferricyanide, 0.5 mM potassium ferrocyanide, 10 mM EDTA, 0.1% Triton X-100, and 1 mM X-Gluc (Sigma-Aldrich), and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The stained embryos were immersed in 70% ethanol for several hours, and then microscopic analyses were conducted using an SZ51 stereomicroscope (Olympus).
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5

Detailed Morphological Documentation Protocol

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Appendages of a paratype were dissected for description under Olympus SZ51 stereo microscope and drawn under an Olympus CH30 compound microscope with a camera lucida. The holotype dorsal and lateral drawings are based on photos taken by Olympus DP71 microscope digital camera with Olympus SZH10 stereo microscope. Drawings were inked using Adobe Illustrator with Wacom Bamboo drawing tablet. Morphological characters for the descriptions follow Bruce (2004a) , and were prepared using DELTA (Descriptive Language for Taxonomy: Coleman et al. 2010 ; Dallwitz 1980 ; Dallwitz et al. 1997 , 2006 ).
Abbreviations: PSUZC, Prince of Songkla University Zoological Collection; MTQ, Museum of Tropical Queensland. Queensland Museum; PMS, plumose marginal setae; RS, robust seta/setae; CPS, circumplumose setae.
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6

Ex Vivo Aortic Diameter Measurement

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For ex vivo measurements of aortic diameter, mice were sacrificed via intraperitoneal injection of ketamine and xylazine and perfused with phosphate-buffered saline (without calcium and magnesium, PBS–/–), then 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS–/– via the left ventricle. Images of the excised aorta were taken on a standardized measurement plate (Self-Healing Mat, Xcut West Design, Plymouth, United Kingdom) at 8x magnification through the Olympus SZ51 Stereo microscope (Olympus Corporation, Shinjuku City, Tokyo, Japan) and analyzed with ImageJ version 1.53j. After setting the scale to a 10 mm line on the measurement plate, ex vivo diameters were measured by manually drawing a line at the maximum diameter by two independent observers.
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7

Senckenberg Institute Specimen Preparation

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Specimens were collected for the Northern Lao-European Cave Project, and kept in 70% ethanol. The holotypes and a number of paratypes are deposited in the zoological collection of the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum (SMF), with some material also to be housed in the Zoological Research Museum A. Koenig (ZFMK).
Observation and dissections were performed using an Olympus SZ51 stereo microscope. The line drawings were prepared with the help of an Olympus BX51 microscope and an attached camera for the scope. SEM micrographs were taken using a ZEISS Sigma 300VP scanning electron microscope (based at the ZFMK). Dry SEM material was coated with gold, removed after study from stubs and returned to alcohol. The photographs were taken with Canon EOS 7D cameras and further processed using Adobe Photoshop CS6 software.
The terminology used here follows that of Golovatch et al. (2009a , 2009b ).
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8

Acaricidal Effects of Suffoil® on Spider Mites

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Adult T. urticae females were placed in an arena fenced with wet Kimwipes (S‐200; Nippon Paper Crecia Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) in a 35‐mm‐diameter polystyrene Petri dish (75 mites dish−1) and were allowed to lay eggs for 24 h. All females and wet Kimwipes were then removed, and the deposited eggs were incubated at 25°C and 100% RH for 4 days to synchronize embryonic development just before hatching [13]. Adult N. californicus females were placed in an arena fenced with Tangle B adhesive (Fuji Yakuhin Kogyo K.K., Tokyo, Japan) in a 35‐mm‐diameter Petri dish (40 to 150 mites dish−1) and allowed to lay eggs for 24 h. Synchronized 5‐day‐old T. urticae eggs and 1‐day‐old N. californicus eggs were used in the following experiments.
Water (control) or Suffoil® diluted with water at 1:300, 1:3000, or 1:30 000 was added into the Petri dishes in which the T. urticae or N. californicus eggs were prepared. The eggs were immersed for 1 min and then drained. Eggs were incubated at 25°C and 50% RH and egg hatch were assessed after 24 and 48 h with a SZ51 stereomicroscope (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The assay was conducted in three independent experimental runs.
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9

Tree-ring Sampling and Measurement Protocol

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Cores were collected from 117 oak standards at breast height (1.3 m, one core each) using increment borers (Haglof, Sweden) in 2012–2014. We measured their diameter at breast height (DBH), and recorded their exact geographical position using a differential GPS Trimble PathFinder Pro XRS. Cores were placed in straw and transported to the dendrochronological laboratory of the Institute of Botany in Třeboň. A thin layer of wood was sliced off from each core using a core microtome [28 (link)] to highlight the tree-rings and allow for the inspection of reaction wood and other abnormal properties. Ring widths were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm using the TimeTable measuring device interfaced with PAST4 software [29 ] and an Olympus SZ51 stereomicroscope. Individual tree-ring series were visually cross-dated using the pattern of wide and narrow rings [30 (link)] and verified using the PAST4 [29 ].
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10

Taxonomic revision of a millipede genus

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The holotypes and a number of paratypes are deposited in the zoological collection of the

South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China

(SCAU)
, with some duplicates (paratypes) housed also in the

Zoological Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany

(ZFMK)
, and the

Zoological Museum, State University of Moscow, Russia

(ZMUM)
.
Observations and dissections were performed using an Olympus SZ51 stereo microscope. The line drawings were prepared with the help of an Olympus SZX12 stereo microscope and a camera lucida attached to the scope. The photographs were taken with Canon EOS 40D and 7D cameras, further processed using Adobe Photoshop CS5 software.
The methods and terminology used here are after Golovatch et al. (2012) (link).
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