Atropine sulphate

Analytical grade chemicals were used in experiments. Acetylcholine chloride, atropine sulphate, potassium chloride (KCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), verapamil hydrochloride, pyrilamine maleate, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), carboxymethylcellulose sodium, castor oil, gallic acid, quercetin and loperamide hydrochloride were of Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, USA) origin. Sodium chloride (NaCl), sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), hydrochloric acid (HCl), charcoal and sodium nitrite (NaNO₂) were procured from BDH Laboratory Supplies, Poole, UK. Glucose, ethanol, methanol, calcium chloride (CaCl₂), magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄), monopotassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄), monosodium phosphate (NaH₂PO₄), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were procured from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. VWR International Ltd. Poole, UK was supplier of ethylacetate.

In in vivo assays, except for the LD₅₀ experiments_, where the doses will be presented in the test description, the following compounds were used: 40 μg/kg (in 200 µL of PBS) of CTX [13 (link)] or 54 μg/kg (in 200 µL of PBS) of CTX:SBA-15 administered by subcutaneous (s.c.) or oral route (p.o.); the formyl peptide receptor antagonist, Boc2 (butoxycarbonil-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe, #Phoenix Pharmaceutical Inc, USA) at 10 μg/kg (in 100 µL of sterile saline), the muscarinic receptors antagonist, atropine sulphate (Sigma #5908996) at 10 mg/kg (in 100 µL of sterile saline), and the α-adrenergic receptor antagonist, yohimbine hydrochloride (Sigma #y3125) at 2 mg/kg (in 100 µL of sterile saline), were intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered. All the antagonists were administered 30 min prior the treatment with CTX or CTX:SBA-15.