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High purity chitosan

Manufactured by Merck Group
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High purity chitosan is a natural biopolymer derived from the exoskeletons of crustaceans. It is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues. High purity chitosan exhibits a high degree of deacetylation and is commonly used in various applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Polyethylene glycol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Acryloyl chloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 1 ethyl 3 3 dimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide edc, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline ph 7, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Ultrapure distilled water, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) 2 hydroxy 1 4 2 hydroxyethoxy phenyl 2 methyl 1 propanone irgacure d 2959, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ethyl ether anhydrous, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Sulfated n hydroxysuccinimide sulfo nhs, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) 2 n morpholino ethanesulfonic acid mes ph 5.0, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Triethylamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Magnesium sulfate mgso4, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (2 mentions) Bovine serum, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (1 mentions) 1 m hydrochloric acid hcl, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Lipopolysaccharide lps from e coli 026 b6, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium triphosphate pentabasic tpp, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Quantipro bca assay kit, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Agarose, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Chitosan (1697 citations)

6 protocols using high purity chitosan

1

Bioadhesive Hydrogel Tissue Bonding

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The starting materials included polyethylene glycol (Mw: 35 kDa), 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone (Irgacure D-2959), lactide, triethylamine, acryloyl chloride, Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate [Sn(Oct)2], dichloromethane (anhydrous), toluene (anhydrous), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), ethyl ether (anhydrous) purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA), micro-filtered and lyophilized sodium alginate (MVG GRGDSP-coupled; high G ratio; high Mw) purchased from NovaMatrix (Dupont, DE, USA), high purity chitosan (99% degree of deacetylation; Mw: 100 kDa), as primers for tissues, purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and sulfated N-hydroxysuccinimide (Sulfo-NHS), as coupling reagents for tissue and device primers, purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA). The solvents included ultrapure distilled water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4), and 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES; pH 5.0) purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA). All chemicals were used as received. Tissues and organs for bench studies were purchased from Animal Biotech Industries (ABI; PA, USA) and were cleaned with soap and water before adhesion measurements.
Yang Q., Wei T., Yin R.T., Wu M., Xu Y., Koo J., Choi Y.S., Xie Z., Chen S.W., Kandela I., Yao S., Deng Y., Avila R., Liu T.L., Bai W., Yang Y., Han M., Zhang Q., Haney C.R., Lee K.B., Aras K., Wang T., Seo M.H., Luan H., Lee S.M., Brikha A., Ghoreishi-Haack N., Tran L., Stepien I., Aird F., Waters E.A., Yu X., Banks A., Trachiotis G.D., Torkelson J.M., Huang Y., Kozorovitskiy Y., Efimov I.R, & Rogers J.A. (2021). Photocurable bioresorbable adhesives as functional interfaces between flexible bioelectronic devices and soft biological tissues. Nature materials, 20(11), 1559-1570.
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2

Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticle Synthesis

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High purity chitosan (deacetylation degree over 60% mol, from white mushroom, protein content less than 1% and viscosimetric molecular weight 60–120 kDa), sodium triphosphate pentabasic (TPP), alginic acid sodium (medium viscosity, molecular weight ≈ 200 kDa), 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), and 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Hyaluronic acid (HA; weight-average molecular weight ≈ 200 kDa) was purchased from Medipol SA (Switzerland). Glacial acetic acid and sodium acetate were purchased from VWR BDH Chemicals (UK). Regenerated cellulose (RC) dialysis membrane (MWCO 1000 kDa) was obtained from SpectraPor, Spectrum Laboratories Inc. (USA). Bovine serum (BS) was obtained from Life Technologies (USA).
Almalik A., Benabdelkamel H., Masood A., Alanazi I.O., Alradwan I., Majrashi M.A., Alfadda A.A., Alghamdi W.M., Alrabiah H., Tirelli N, & Alhasan A.H. (2017). Hyaluronic Acid Coated Chitosan Nanoparticles Reduced the Immunogenicity of the Formed Protein Corona. Scientific Reports, 7, 10542.
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3

AGP Chitosan Nanoparticle Formation and Characterization

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α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) C.A.T. #(66455-27-4), PBS, high pure chitosan, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli 026:B6 were from Sigma (L8274-10MG). The QuantiPro TM BCA Assay kit was from Sigma Aldrich; St. Louis, MO, USA (QPBCA-1KA). High purity chitosan (deacetylation degree over 75–85% mol and viscosimetric molecular weight 50–190 kDa), sodium triphosphate pentabasic (TPP), 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK). Milli-Q water was used in all synthetic experiments. Hyaluronic acid (HA; weight average molecular weight ≈200 kDa) was purchased from Medipol SA; Lausanne, Switzerland. Regenerated cellulose (RC) dialysis membrane (MWCO 10kDa) was obtained from Spectra Por, Spectrum Laboratories Inc.; Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Omar H., Fardous R., Alhindi Y.M., Aodah A.H., Alyami M., Alsuabeyl M.S., Alghamdi W.M., Alhasan A.H, & Almalik A. (2022). α1-Acid Glycoprotein-Decorated Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles for Suppressing Metastasis and Overcoming Drug Resistance Breast Cancer. Biomedicines, 10(2), 414.
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4

Bioadhesive Hydrogel Tissue Bonding

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The starting materials included polyethylene glycol (Mw: 35 kDa), 2-hydroxy-1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone (Irgacure D-2959), lactide, triethylamine, acryloyl chloride, Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate [Sn(Oct)2], dichloromethane (anhydrous), toluene (anhydrous), potassium carbonate (K2CO3), calcium chloride (CaCl2) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), ethyl ether (anhydrous) purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA), micro-filtered and lyophilized sodium alginate (MVG GRGDSP-coupled; high G ratio; high Mw) purchased from NovaMatrix (Dupont, DE, USA), high purity chitosan (99% degree of deacetylation; Mw: 100 kDa), as primers for tissues, purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA), and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and sulfated N-hydroxysuccinimide (Sulfo-NHS), as coupling reagents for tissue and device primers, purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA). The solvents included ultrapure distilled water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4), and 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES; pH 5.0) purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (MA, USA). All chemicals were used as received. Tissues and organs for bench studies were purchased from Animal Biotech Industries (ABI; PA, USA) and were cleaned with soap and water before adhesion measurements.
Yang Q., Wei T., Yin R.T., Wu M., Xu Y., Koo J., Choi Y.S., Xie Z., Chen S.W., Kandela I., Yao S., Deng Y., Avila R., Liu T.L., Bai W., Yang Y., Han M., Zhang Q., Haney C.R., Lee K.B., Aras K., Wang T., Seo M.H., Luan H., Lee S.M., Brikha A., Ghoreishi-Haack N., Tran L., Stepien I., Aird F., Waters E.A., Yu X., Banks A., Trachiotis G.D., Torkelson J.M., Huang Y., Kozorovitskiy Y., Efimov I.R, & Rogers J.A. (2021). Photocurable bioresorbable adhesives as functional interfaces between flexible bioelectronic devices and soft biological tissues. Nature materials, 20(11), 1559-1570.
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5

Physico-chemical Characterization of siRNA-Chitosan Nanoparticles

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For physico-chemical characterization, model siRNA (targeted against PCSK9, sense sequence GGAAGAUCAUAAUGGACAGdTdT with lower case letters representing deoxyribonucleotides) were provided by Eurogenetec (Angers, France). Poly-L-arginine (MW 15.000-70.000) and high purity chitosan (MW 110.000-150.000; degree of acetylation: 40 mol. %), used for MSN and S-MSN formulation, were from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Schnelldorf, Germany). For transfection assay, commercial transfection reagent Oligofectamine 1 and siRNA were purchased from Life Technologies (Paisley, UK). For gel retardation assays, loading buffer, agarose and ethidium bromide were purchased from Fisher Bioreagents 1 (Illkirch, France). All the culture media and supplements for cell culture were supplied by life technologies (Paisley, UK).
Bruniaux J., Djemaa S.B., Hervé-Aubert K., Marchais H., Chourpa I, & David S. (2017). Stealth magnetic nanocarriers of siRNA as platform for breast cancer theranostics. International journal of pharmaceutics, 532(2).
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6

Gypsum Hemihydrate Preparation and Characterization

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Pure gypsum, which was commercially purchased (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Bioxtra, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in dihydrate form (CaSO4•2H 2O), was heated at 130°C for three hours in an electric oven (Universal Oven Memmert Life 600, Schwabach, Germany) for conversion into a hemihydrate (CaSO4•½ H 2O). Pure-GYP material was mixed with water at a ratio of 2.5 g: 1.9 mL, and Gyp-CHT was prepared with gypsum, chitosan (High Purity Chitosan, Sigma Aldrich), and water at a ratio of 2.5 g: 0.29 g: 1.9 mL, respectively. The above ratio was chosen after a pilot study revealed that it had better handling properties. Mixing each specimen was carried at an ambient room temperature of 23°C and 60±5% relative humidity. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (FEI Quanta 450 Scanning Electron Microscope with EDX/EDS Oxford instrument, Eindhoven, the Netherlands) analysis was performed to evaluate the molecular components of gypsum.
Low A., Mohd Yusof H., Reza F., Abdullah Nurul A., Sritharan S., Haania Zain Ali N., Subhi Azeez H, & Husein A. (2015). Gypsum-based biomaterials: Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, cellular effects and its potential as a pulp liner. Dental materials journal, 34(4).
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