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Silicon oil

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States

Silicon oil is a clear, viscous liquid commonly used as a lubricant and heat transfer medium in various laboratory and industrial applications. It exhibits high thermal stability, low volatility, and excellent electrical insulating properties, making it suitable for a range of laboratory equipment and processes.

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8 protocols using silicon oil

1

Alkyl and Fluoroalkyl Trimethoxysilanes

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Alkyl and fluoroalkyl trimethoxysilanes
(TMSs); (methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), ethyltrimethoxysilane (ETMS),
butyltrimethoxysilane (4TMS), decyltrimethoxysilane (10TMS), dodecyltrimethoxysilane
(12TMS), hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (16TMS), octadecyltrimethoxysilane
(18TMS), decyltriethoxysilane (10EMS), 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane
(PFTES), and silicon oil were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Alfa
Aesar). Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) (34%), ethanol (99.5%),
and isopropanol (99.5%) were purchased from Merck Life Sciences. Glass
slides were acquired from Avantor (VWR), and plastic samples are composed
of 5-ply ethylene vinyl acetate/ethylene vinyl acetate/polyvinylidene
dichloride/ethylene vinyl acetate/ethylene vinyl acetate.
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2

Rheological Properties of White Sauce

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White sauce rheological properties were measured using a controlled stress rheometer (AR2000, TA Instruments, New Castle, Delaware, USA). The instrument was equipped with a 40 mm parallel plate geometry using a gap of 1000 µm. Laboratory grade compressed air (30 psi) was maintained throughout the experiment. Rheological properties were measured at 23 °C, regulated using a Peltier plate with an accuracy of ± 0.1 °C. Measurements for freshly prepared sauces were conducted four hours after preparation, while the other portion was frozen at –18 °C for three days to study the effect of a freeze/thaw cycle. At the end of the third day, the samples were allowed to thaw in a water bath (at room temperature) before rheological measurements were taken. For each procedure, samples without mechanical history, i.e. fresh samples, were utilized. Before measurements were taken, five minutes was allowed for sample equilibration or structure recovery. Excess samples were trimmed using a spatula after the head of the rheometer was lowered. Silicon oil (Fisher Scientific, Fair Lawn, New Jersey, USA) was placed around the edges of the samples to prevent drying during testing. Data analysis was performed using TRIOS software v5.1.1 provided by the instrument’s supplier.
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3

Chemical Reagents and Materials Acquisition

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All chemicals were commercially available and used without further purification. ISOCARB 12 (2-butylhexanoic acid), ISOCARB 16 (2-hexyldecanoic acid), and ISOCARB 24 (2-decyltetradecanoic acid) were acquired from Sasol America (Houston, TX, USA). Syncrude sweet crude oil was acquired from Syncrude (Edmonton, AB, Canada). Gasoline (regular unleaded) was acquired from a local Safeway gas station. Motor oil (Tech 2000, SAE 10W30) was acquired from the local market. N,N-dimethylformamide (anhydrous, >99.8%) was acquired from Acros. 3-bromohexanoyl chloride and hexadecane were acquired from TCI America (Portland, OR, USA). CDCl3 (D-99.8%) and DMSO-d6 (D-99%) were used as received from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). Potassium hydroxide (85%), sodium chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide, potassium iodide, ethylene glycol, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, hexanes, silicon oil, and olive oil were acquired from Fisher Scientific. All other chemicals were acquired from the Sigma-Aldrich chemical company (Mississauga, ON, Canada). Deionized (DI) water was purified using a Milli-Q ultrapure unit.
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4

Preparation of Fluorescent Oil Emulsion

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A volume of 100 µL of Alexa-488 (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) dissolved in water was combined with 900 µL of silicon oil (Fisher Scientific, Fairlawn, NJ), pipetted for 5 seconds and then vortexed for 20 seconds. The emulsion was allowed to stand for three minutes while the larger droplets settle before removing a few μL from the top and transferring it onto a glass slide. A coverslip was pressed down on top and affixed at the corners with nail polish. FFS data were collected in the presence of photodepletion after focusing the two-photon spot at the center of the droplet.
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5

Quercetin Encapsulation in Polymer Nanoparticles

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Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (97%) was purchased from Alfa Easar (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Ammonium acetate and polyEthylene glycol (PEG, Mw = 4000 Da) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethylene glycol and ethanol (96%) were purchased from Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Compressed nitrogen was purchased from Messer (Bad Soden am Taunos, Germany). Silicon oil was received from Acros organics (Waltham, MA, USA). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer (PBS tablets, pH 7.4, Ic = 150 × 10−3 mol dm−3) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Deionized water Millipore mili Q-H2O was used to prepare the PBS medium. Quercetin (≥99%) was supplied by Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). A molecular weight cut-off dialysis bag (MWCO, 8Kd) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
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6

Synthesis and Purification of Quercetin Nanoparticles

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Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (97%) was purchased from Alfa Easar (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Ammonium acetate and poly(Ethylene glycol) (PEG, Mw = 4000 Da) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethylene glycol and ethanol (96%) were purchased from Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Compressed nitrogen was purchased from Messer (Bad Soden am Taunus, Germany). Silicon oil was received from Acros organics (Waltham, MA, USA). Quercetin (≥99%) was supplied by Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). 2-Propanol was purchased from Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Dialysis bags with molecular weight cut-offs (MWCOs) of 8 kDa and 25 kDa were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
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7

Intrinsic Tryptophan Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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A fluorescence plate-reader (Fluorescence Innovations, Minneapolis, MN) equipped with a tunable pulsed dye laser, a temperature controlled 384-well sample holder (Torrey Pines Scientific, Carlsbad, CA), and a high-speed digitizer was used to obtain Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectra. Experimental samples were loaded into a Hard-Shell 384-well PCR plates. Two microliter silicon oil (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) was added to prevent sample evaporation during temperature ramps. Samples were excited at 295 nm and steady state emission spectra were collected using a charged coupled device detector from 310 nm to 400 nm. Fluorescence moment (mean center of spectra mass peak position or MSM peak position) was reported. Temperature ramps were set from 10 to 95 °C with an increment of 1 ° C per step and an equilibration time of 60 s at each temperature. Moment (MSM peak position) were plotted as a function of temperature and first derivative of the resulting data was used to calculate the melting temperature (Tm) using Origin 7.0 (OriginLab; Northampton, MA).
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8

Intrinsic Tryptophan Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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A fluorescence plate-reader (Fluorescence Innovations, Minneapolis, MN) equipped with a tunable pulsed dye laser, a temperature controlled 384-well sample holder (Torrey Pines Scientific, Carlsbad, CA), and a high-speed digitizer was used to obtain Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence spectra. Experimental samples were loaded into a Hard-Shell 384-well PCR plates. Two microliter silicon oil (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) was added to prevent sample evaporation during temperature ramps. Samples were excited at 295 nm and steady state emission spectra were collected using a charged coupled device detector from 310 nm to 400 nm. Fluorescence moment (mean center of spectra mass peak position or MSM peak position) was reported. Temperature ramps were set from 10 to 95 °C with an increment of 1 ° C per step and an equilibration time of 60 s at each temperature. Moment (MSM peak position) were plotted as a function of temperature and first derivative of the resulting data was used to calculate the melting temperature (Tm) using Origin 7.0 (OriginLab; Northampton, MA).
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