Quantum gx micro ct

Under anesthesia with 2% isoflurane, mice were imaged using 3D MPI at 1, 7, and 28-day post-transplantation (n = 3) with operating parameters, a FOV of 6 cm × 6 cm × 12 cm, acquisition time of 10 s per projection (total 55 projections) plus 30 s for automatic set up of the magnets, with an approximate total time of 35 min including for image reconstruction. Anatomic CT reference images were acquired by the whole-body model of Perkin Elmer QuantumGX microCT. MPI images were co-registered to CT with fiducial markers using VivoQuant Imaging Software (Invicro, Boston, MA, United States). Control animals did not receive islet organoids (n = 2).

After anesthesia, rats were scanned by Quantum GX microCT (PerkinElmer) with voltage at 74 kV, view imaging at 72 × 40 mm, and pixel size at 72 μm. Subcutaneous and visceral fat mass was analyzed by the software (Analyze 12.0, PerkinElmer).

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) lung imaging was performed longitudinally at day 7, 14 and 21 by Quantum GX Micro-CT (PerkinElmer, Inc. Waltham, MA). Each mouse was anesthetized using 2% isoflurane, which reduces respiratory rate and depth of ventilation, regularizing breathing^{31 (link)}. After placing the animal in supine position on the scanner bed, the chest was aligned within the field of view and a respiratory region of interest is positioned over the diaphragm. The respiratory signal trace, the respiratory cycle lengths and the respiratory rate were monitored during the acquisition. Images were acquired with the following parameters: X-ray tube voltage 90 kV, X-ray tube current 88 µA and total scan time of 4 min. The retrospectively gated acquisition protocol was in ‘high speed’ mode, with projections collected in list-mode over a single continuous gantry rotation. Images were reconstructed using a filtered back-projection algorithm with a Ram-Lak filter into two 3D datasets, corresponding to the inspiratory and expiratory breathing phases, with 50 μm isotropic reconstructed voxel size. The reconstructions quality is reviewed on the transaxial, coronal and sagittal views to be sure not to have blurred images from movements due to the low level of anesthesia and, if necessary, the scan is repeated.

Bilateral femurs were removed from rats and stored in 4% paraformaldehyde solution at –20°C to obtain the bone microscopic parameters, which were analyzed using a Quantum GX Micro-CT (PerkinElmer Instruments, Inc., United States). The Femur samples were placed in the specimen slots for scanning by the following conditions: voltage 80 kV, current 72 μA, and rotation angle 360°. The 3D structure of each rat femur sample was observed by Micview V2.1.2 3D reconstruction software (17 (link)). For comparisons between groups, we selected a region that was located 1–2 mm below the lowest point of the epiphyseal line of the distal femur, and then generated the following index parameters: bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp).

The mice were intraperitoneally administered 0.4% pentobarbital (100 μL/10 g) at 24 and 48 h and examined by micro-CT imaging on a Quantum GX micro-CT (PerkinElmer, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). The scan modes were X-ray: kV:70 kV and X-ray μA: 80 μA, with a scan time of 4 min, an FOV of 36 mm, and a pixel size of 72.0 μm. The images were analyzed using Analyze 12.0 and 3D representations reconstructed.

Surgical supplies, Petri dishes, agar, and brain heart infusion (BHI) broth were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). The University of Utah Comparative Medicine Center provided any fluids, analgesics, and anesthetics required. The Bone and Biofilm Research Lab. (Salt Lake City, UT, USA) provided surgical tools and histological processing equipment/materials. Martin Engineering donated the Martin^® Tornado Air Cannon (Model BB4-12-28, Martin Engineering, Neponset, IL, USA). The V.A.C. Freedom^® Therapy Units were purchased from KCI (San Antonio, TX, USA). Calcein green was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Silica (Si) beads were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Micro-CT scans were captured using a Quantum GX micro-CT (PerkinElmer; Waltham, MA, USA). Scanning electron microscopy was performed on a JEOL JSM-6610 (JEOL, Peabody, MA, USA). Sanderson’s Rapid Bone Stain (SRBS) was purchased from Dorn & Hart Microedge, Inc. (Loxley, AL, USA).

A micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) scan was used to examine the morphological variation of the liver during metamorphic climax. After anesthetization by MS-222, tadpoles were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for more than 24 h and stained in I₂ & KI water solutions (respectively, 1% & 2%, w/v) for 12 h [21 (link)]. A Micro-CT scan was conducted on a Quantum GX Micro CT (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) with the following parameters: scanning current, 70 eV; 10 μM; field-of-view: 36 × 36 mm for acquisition, 25 × 25 mm for reconstruction; scan duration, 15 min.